农业绿色发展长期固定观测试验数据平台设计与开发

Design and development of data platform for long-term fixed observation and experiment station of green agriculture

关键词:  农业绿色发展  固定观测试验  数据平台  数字农业

Key words:  green agriculture  fixed observation experiment  data platform  digital agriculture

摘要:

【目的 】 农业绿色发展已成为我国乃至全球可持续发展的重大战略方向，建立集长期观测、科学研究、试验示范和决策支撑为一体的农业绿色发展固定观测体系，有利于积累农业绿色发展的第一手资料、分析农业生产发展与生态环境变化间的规律、总结农业绿色发展模式、提高农产品全供应链绿色服务能力。 【方法 】 文章针对农业绿色发展数据支撑体系中存在的问题，分析了平台的核心需求，构建了平台总体框架，构建了核心观测指标，设计了平台运行流程并实现了平台功能。 【结果 】 以提升农业绿色技术观测试验数据管理水平为要求，构建了由数据中心、服务平台和业务模块组成的农业绿色技术观测试验数据平台总体架构；从土壤、水、空气、生长、投入品、产出、资源环境等方面分析了监测要素，并设计了不同监测要素下的详细指标及采集与监测方式；构建了由试验站采集人员、试验站操作人员、业务管理人员和平台管理人员等不同用户组成的平台运行流程；采用Java语言和微服务架构实现了试验站点、统计分析、绿色服务、数据管理等核心功能。 【结论 】 平台对于支撑农业绿色发展体系建设、积累绿色发展数据资源、量化评价试验方案、推广应用绿色模式均具有重要作用；后期将利用人工智能方法增强绿色发展模式评价、基于区块链技术提升试验数据共享程度。

Abstract:

［ Purpose ］ Green agriculture has become a major strategic direction for sustainable development in China or the world. Fixed observation system for green agriculture integrates the long-term observation，scientific research，experimental demonstration and decision support. The establishment of the observation system is conducive to accumulate the first-hand information，analyze the law between agricultural production and changing ecological environment，summarize the development mode，and improve the service capability of the entire supply chain，for green agriculture. ［Method ］ To solve the problems in the data support system of green agriculture，the paper analyzed the core requirements of the platform，constructed the overall framework of the platform，constructed the core observation indicators，designed the platform operation process and realized the platform functions. ［Result ］ In order to improve the management level of observation and experiment data for green agriculture，the overall architecture of the observation and experiment data platform for green agriculture composed of data center，service platform and business module was constructed. Through analyzing the information about soil，water，air，growth，output，resources and environment，the monitoring elements were extracted. The detailed indicators and the collection and monitoring methods under different monitoring elements were designed. The platform operation process composed of different users，such as test station collection personnel，test station operators，business management personnel and platform management personnel，were established. And the Java language and micro-service architecture were used to realize the core functions，such as test sites，statistical analysis，green services，and data management. ［Conclusion ］ The platform plays an important role in supporting the construction of the green agriculture system，accumulating green development data resources，quantitative evaluation test plans，and promoting the application of green modes. In the future，the platform will enhance the evaluation capability of green development modes based on artificial intelligence method and upgrade test data sharing degree based on blockchain technology.