非粮化整治农田施肥推荐系统开发及应用

Fertilization recommendation and system application for non-grain farmland

关键词:  非粮化  施肥分区  施肥推荐系统  数字农业

Key words:  non-grain farmland  fertilization zones  fertilization recommendation system  digital agriculture

摘要:

【目的】 数字化技术促进了农业信息化的快速发展，农田非粮化现象日益普遍，对于非粮化整治后的农田，合适的施肥推荐系统可为种植大户提供便捷、可视化及轻简化的施肥推荐，有利于因地制宜地开展精准施肥推荐。【方法】 文章以数字技术为支撑，结合空间、土壤要素等信息，构建了非粮化农田的施肥分区和施肥推荐方案，结合非粮化农田土壤养分的基础状况和水稻种植的养分需求，定制研发了面向镇村筛选和高清影像的非粮化农田施肥咨询服务系统。【结果】 该系统主要功能为地图操作浏览、非粮化地块可视化、施肥推荐三部分。该研究区施肥分区可以分为“控氮—控磷—控钾”“控氮—控磷—稳钾”“控氮—稳磷—控钾”“控氮—稳磷—稳钾”和“稳氮—控磷—控钾”五大类。施肥推荐功能可以根据施肥分区提供非粮化地块水稻（单季稻、早稻和连作晚稻）施肥方案，并进行田块点触式施肥咨询服务。【结论】 该施肥推荐系统，是一个通用性和适用性好的智慧施肥移动应用平台，极大便利了非粮化农田种植用户的施肥推荐应用技术的落地应用。这种施肥系统模式可以推广到其他地区和类型农田开展精细化施肥推荐应用。

Abstract:

[Purpose] Digital technology has promoted the rapid development of agricultural informatization. The phenomenon of non-grain farmland is becoming more and more common. In order to convert non-grain farmland to farmland，a suitable fertilization recommendation system can provide farmer with convenient，visual and light-simplified fertilization recommendations. It is conducive to carry out accurate fertilization recommendations according to local conditions.[Method] The fertilization zoning and recommendation of non-grain farmland have been constructed by digital technology combined with space，soil and other information. And based on the basic conditions of non-grain farmland soil nutrients and the nutrient requirements of rice planting，the non-grain farmland fertilization consulting service system has been developed.[Result] The main functions of the system are three parts：map operation and browsing，non-grain field visualization，and fertilization recommendation. There are five fertilization zones in this study area. The fertilization recommendation function can provide non-grain farmland （growing single-cropping rice，early rice，and continuous late rice） fertilization plans according to fertilization zones，and provide field touch fertilization consulting services.[Conclusion] The fertilization recommendation system is a smart fertilization mobile application platform with good versatility and applicability，which greatly facilitates the application of fertilization recommendation application technology for non-grain farmland users. This fertilization system model can be extended to other regions and types of farmland to carry out fine fertilization recommendations and applications.