| 摘要: |
| 【目的】 气候智慧型农业在保障粮食安全、促进农业可持续发展以及应对气候变化方面的重要性逐渐凸显。文章旨在探讨中国推动气候智慧型农业发展的途径，为农业部门有效应对降低温室气体排放和增强农业生产能力的双重挑战提供理论支持。【方法】 通过分析气候智慧型农业的内涵和未来发展趋势，结合美国的典型实践，测算了中国农业气候智慧型农业的碳汇和外部收益，并分析了中国在发展气候智慧型农业过程中所面临的挑战。【结果】 目前我国发展气候智慧型农业面临诸多挑战，包括农业本身收益较低、传统农业转型成本高导致投资缺乏激励、生态收益外部性、农业基础设施不完善以及气候智慧型农业需维持多元目标等。【结论】 在气候变化的背景下，传统农业向气候智慧型农业的转型势在必行，依靠科技创新是推动气候智慧型农业发展的必然选择。中国应立足本国实际情况，充分借鉴发达国家的经验，推动具有中国特色的气候智慧型农业发展。 |
| 关键词: 气候变化 智慧农业 典型经验 粮食安全 |
| DOI：10.12105/j.issn.1672-0423.20240208 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家社科基金“二战后日本粮食安全保障政策的演变及其对中国的启示研究”（22CSS016）；贵州省教育厅高校人文社会科学研究基地子项目“贵州省气候智慧型农业碳减排及碳交易市场机制研究”（23GZGXRWJD273） |
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| The four dimensions，typical experiences and future prospects of climate smart agriculture |
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Ma Mingying1, Ma Hongkun2
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1.School of Economics and Management of Anshun University，Anshun 561000，Guizhou，China;2.School of Economics of Shandong Normal University，Jinan 250014，Shandong，China
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| Abstract: |
| Purpose To explore how China should promote the development of climate smart agriculture，and provide theoretical support for the agricultural sector to effectively address the dual challenges of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and enhancing agricultural production capacity.Method This article first systematically explored the typical characteristics of climate smart agriculture. Afterwards，this article selected the United States as a typical case and systematically reviewed its typical practices in developing climate smart agriculture. Based on an in-depth analysis of the challenges faced by China in developing climate smart agriculture，this article provided a preliminary outlook on the development of climate smart agriculture in China.Result Climate smart agriculture should be developed from four dimensions：effective perception of technology and data collection，scientific data analysis and decision support，automation and precision of the entire production process，and sustainability and resource optimization. The typical practices of developing climate smart agriculture in the United States were worth learning from，including the development of advanced meteorological data and model applications，the widespread application of motion sensor technology in the agricultural field，the development of precision agriculture and agricultural automation，emphasis on relying on big data analysis and artificial intelligence，and strengthening climate adaptability and drought resistant crop cultivation.Conclusion China should accelerate the development of climate smart agriculture with Chinese charactersitics based on its own reality，and drawing fully on the typical experiences of developed countries. |
| Key words: climate change smart agriculture typical experience food security |
