农业领域不同学科创新团队结构规律对比研究

A comparative study on the structure of innovation teams in different subjects in the field of agriculture

关键词:  科研团队  网络结构  建设规律  团队评价

Key words:  scientific research team  network structure  construction rules  team evaluation

摘要:

【目的】科学研究日趋复杂、多元、交叉和融合,在这样的“大科学”背景下,探索创新团队结构规律,优化团队评价机制,有助于激发科技创新动力,推进科技发展。【方法】研究基于农业不同学科领域,从团队外部特征和内在属性两个视角,分别以竞争力和团队网络结构为切入点,利用团队生产力、团队影响力、团队规模、团队凝聚力等指标对农业领域创新团队建设规律展开研究,比对学科间团队的特征差异。【结果】结果证明,在农业领域,不同学科的科研团队在成果产出和团队建设方面均存在一定的差异性,尤其是农业传统学科与新兴交叉学科在成果产出和团队建设方面均存在明显不同,具体表现为：在外部特征规律方面,传统学科相较于新兴学科,生产力和影响力水平更高；在内在属性规律方面,传统学科合作更为活跃,合作规模更大,团队结构更为稳定且团队凝聚力更强。【结论】由此提出针对农业领域的学科考核与评价的优化建议,包括：学科考核指标应“因类制宜”,要推动农业交叉学科向“纵深发展”,学科考核应重视“中长期考核”。

Abstract:

[Purpose] Scientific research is becoming increasingly complex, diverse, interdisciplinary, and integrated. In the context of "big science", exploring the structural law of innovation teams and optimizing the team evaluation mechanism will help stimulate the motivation of scientific and technological innovation and promote the development of science and technology.[Method] Based on different subjects of agriculture, this study studies innovative team building laws from the perspectives of external characteristics and internal attributes of teams in the field of agriculture, taking competitiveness and team network structure as the starting point, respectively, using team productivity, team influence, team size, team cohesion and other indicators to study the laws of different types of innovative team building, and compare the characteristics differences of teams between subjects. [Result] The results show that in the field of agriculture, there are certain differences in the output and team building of scientific research teams of different subjects, especially the traditional agricultural subjects and emerging interdisciplinary subjects are significantly different in terms of output and team building, which is manifested as follows: in terms of external characteristics, traditional subjects have higher productivity and influence levels than emerging subejects; In terms of the law of intrinsic attributes, the traditional subject cooperation is more active, the scale of cooperation is larger, the team structure is more stable and the team cohesion is stronger.【Conclusion】Therefore, some suggestions for the optimization of subject assessment and evaluation in the field of agriculture are proposed, including: the subejct assessment indicators should be "adapted to the conditions of the category", the interdisciplinary development of agriculture should be promoted, and the "medium and long-term assessment" should be emphasized in the subject assessment.