华北地区农户对粮食政策的评价及生产粮食意愿分析

EVALUATION ON GRAIN POLICY AND WISHER FOR GRAIN PRODUCTION BY FARMER HOUSEHOLDS AT NORTH CHINA REGION

关键词:  华北地区　农户调查　粮食安全　政策评价

Key words:  NorthChinaregion  farmerhouseholdinvestigation  grainsecurity  policyevaluation

摘要:

该文在问卷调查的基础上，分析了我国华北地区粮食主产区农户对国家粮食政策的评价和生产粮食的意愿及原因等问题。结果表明，农户对国家“两减免，三补贴”政策的落实情况比较满意，从事粮食生产的农户获得国家粮食政策优惠最多的是“直接补贴”；农户对国家粮食政策期望按照重要性排序是：“提高最低收购价”＞“加大粮食直补”＞“加大农田基础设施建设”＞“加大科技投入与推广”。农户种植粮食作物的主要原因是“保证口粮、有粮吃”；愿意多种粮食的农户占56．5％，还有32．2％的农户不愿意多种粮食。农户愿意多种粮食的原因主要是当前的粮食及农业政策不错，其次是多种粮食能够增加农户经济收入；农户不愿意多种粮食主要是缘于成本效益较低、增产幅度小以及农户基本口粮足够。

Abstract:

Onthebasisofquestionnaireandinvestigation，thispaperanalyzesevaluationonnationalgrainpolicy，wishesforgrainproductionandthecausesetc．issuesbythefarmerhouseholdsfromthemajorproductionareasforgrainproductionatNorthChinaregion．Theresultindicatesthatthefarmerhouseholdsarefairlysatisfiedabouttheimplementationofnational“2mitigatesand3subsidies”policy．Thefarmerhouseholdsengagedingrainproductiongainfavorableprofitsmostlyfromthe“directsubsidy”．Theimportanceorderoffarmerhouseholds’expectationtonationalgrainpolicyliesasfollowing：“tobringupthelowestpurchasingprice”，“toincreasedirectsubsidyforgrainy”，“tostrengthenconstructionforfarmlandinfrastructure”，“toincreaseinvestmentforscience，technologyandextension”．Themainreasonforfarmerhouseholdstoplantgraincropsis“toensuredailyfood”．Thepropor－tionoffarmerhouseholdsthatwillingtogrowmoregrainis56．5％．Thereasonsarethegrainandagriculturepoli－ciesarequitegoodandplantingmoregraincanincreaseeconomicincomeforthefarmerhousehold．Thereare32．2％farmerhouseholdsareunwillingtogrowgrain．Thereasonsarethelowbenefitoutoffthecost，thesmallrangeofyieldincreaseandthesufficientgrainrationofthefarmerhousehold．