我国耕地“占补平衡”与土地开发 整理效果分析与建议

SUGGESTION AND ANALYSIS ON EFFECTS OF BALANCE BETWEEN CULTIVATED LAND OCCUPATION AND COMPENSATION AND LAND DEVELOPMENT AND CONSOLIDATION

关键词:  中国 占补平衡 减增平衡 土地开发 土地整理 耕地资源

Key words:  China  balance between cultivated land occupation and compensation  balance of cultivated land in- creased and decreased  land development  land consolidation  cultivated land resources

摘要:

为了扭转耕地持续大幅减少的局面，国家提出“实行占用耕地补偿制度”，要求各地“占多少， 垦多少”，以保障耕地“占补平衡”。分析结果表明，耕地“占补平衡”的实施的确使我国耕地实现了数量 上的“占”与“补”的平衡，但并未从根本上扭转耕地持续减少的局面，其原因是“占”地面积仅是减 少耕地面积中的一小部分，耕地占补平衡状况并不能反映耕地减增变化的真实情况。要守住1.2亿hm 2 耕 地红线，建议调整策略，将土地开发整理的目标从实现耕地“占补平衡”，调整为耕地“减增平衡”。

Abstract:

In order to reverse the situation of continuously and drastically decreasing of cultivated land area， Chi- na had made the rule of balance between cultivated land occupation and compensation meant that the quantity of cultivated land occupied for construction use should be compensated. The results showed that the implement of the rule indeed had made the quantity of cultivated land balanced， however， the sustained decreasing of cultivated land area had not been radically changed. The reason was that area of cultivated land occupation for construction use took only small portion of the total area of decreased cultivated land， the balance between cultivated land occupation and compensation can not reflect the real situation of cultivated land increased and decreased. So as to ensure the red line of cultivated land area for 0.12 billion hm 2 ， we suggested that adjusting the policy with the aim of the land development and consolidation， replacing the balance between cultivated land occupation and compensation by bal- ance of cultivated land increased and decreased.