高寒牧区草原生态安全评价研究  ———以甘南玛曲草原为例

A STUDY ON ECOLOGICAL SECURITY EVALUATION OF GRASSLAND IN PLATEAU PASTURE—TAKING MAQU PASTURE AS AN EXAMPLE

关键词:  高寒牧区 评价 生态安全 原料型畜牧业 玛曲草原

Key words:  plateau pasture  ecological security  the raw material model of animal husbandry  Maqu grassland

摘要:

在状态—压力—响应模型的指导下，设计高寒牧区草原的生态安全评价体系，运用熵权法和综合 评价法对黄河水源重要补给区玛曲草原进行实证分析。结果表明:玛曲草原的生态环境呈现出不断恶化趋 势;在压力指标中，超载过牧是影响草原生态安全的重要因素，其根本原因是原料型畜牧业发展模式。因 此，高寒牧区在选择草地经济发展模式时应优先考虑生态安全，实现畜牧经济和草原生态的持续发展。

Abstract:

Under the guidance of”state-pressure-response” model， this paper designed an ecological security e- valuation index system of grassland in plateau pasture. And then empirical analysis on Maqu pastures where was the most important water supply zone for the Yellow River was implemented using the entropy-right method and compre- hensive appraisal method. The results showed that the ecological security in Maqu pasture had been deteriorating due to the overloading and overgrazing in the grassland. The root cause for ecological deterioration is the develop- ment model of raw material animal husbandry. So when choosing the grassland economy development model in Plat- eau pasture，it should be primarily considered ecological security in order to achieve sustainable development be- tween livestock economy and grassland ecology.