湖南水稻主产区农户熟制选择行为分析

ANALYSIS OF FARMERS′SELECTING BEHAVIORS ON CROPPING SYSTEMS IN MAIN RICE PRODUCING AREAS OF HUNAN PROVINCE

关键词:  湖南 水稻主产区 农户 种植效益 熟制 选择行为

Key words:  farmer  double cropping rice  single cropping rice  cropping benefit  cropping

摘要:

湖南是我国水稻主产区，其水稻熟制选择关系到我国粮食安全。该文通过对湘北、湘中、湘南3 个湖南水稻主产区熟制选择现状进行调查，并从水稻生产成本、生产效益及栽培技术几个方面对农户水稻 种植模式现状和影响其改种意愿的因素进行深入探讨分析。研究结果表明，与种植单季稻相比，种植双季 稻年产量、现金收入较高，但由于其资金投入量、劳动力投入量也较高，其产投比、利润率均低于单季稻。 受比较效益的影响，农户由双季稻改种单季稻的熟制选择意愿趋势明显。针对上述问题，该文提出了稳定 双季稻区双季稻种植比例，保障粮食安全的系列政策建议，包括政府应强化耕地保护措施、加强农业补贴 力度、政策引导提高劳动生产率等措施，增加农户种粮收益等。

Abstract:

Hunan is China's paddy rice main production area， the selecting behaviors of rice cropping systems were related to Chinese food security. Through the survey on selecting behaviors of rice cropping systems in Hunan prov- ince， the paper analyzed farmers' rice cropping systems and the influence factors from the aspects of rice production costs， production efficiency and cultivation technology. The results showed that compared to single rice cropping， double cropping rice had advantage in annual production， cash income， but the ratio of output to input and profit rate were lower due to the higher amount of capital investment and labor input. Influenced by low benefit of rice cropping， the selecting behaviors of farmers on rice cropping systems had evident trend transferring from double rice cropping to single rice cropping. In view of the above problems， the paper put forward a series of policy recommen- dations for the stability of double cropping rice ratio in double rice cropping area to ensure food security， which in- cluded that the government should strengthen farmland protection measures， strengthen the agricultural subsidy poli- cy guidance， raise the measure such as labor productivity， increase farmer income from grain production.