农地流转研究综述与展望

REVIEW AND FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS ON FARMLAND TRANSFER

关键词:  农地流转 农地交易 交易成本 农地市场

Key words:  farmland transfer  farmland transaction  transaction cost  farmland mark

摘要:

农地流转作为生产要素的配置，对农业经济发展有着重要的影响。该文以观点为主线对国外相关 研究做梳理，国外研究较多集中在农地价格与农地市场问题。同时，以时间轴为主线对国内研究的发展进 行详细的论述，寻找国内研究的发展脉络，其研究特征是从宏观对象到微观对象，从定性研究到定量研究 为主，从经济学视角到新制度经济学视角。通过文献的研读发现，土地流转的后期研究应该注意以下几 点:首先，土地流转需要细分为农户间的流转以及农户流转给其他主体（企业、大户、合作社）两种，不 同模式的关注点应有区别;其次，农地流转更应该关注交易成本的研究，农地流转中讨价还价以及维持关 系的交易成本往往被忽略，但事实这些往往会影响土地流转的效果。农地流转的交易成本中，如何核算是 重点;第三，农地流转后主体收益与农户分享程度是未来研究需要关注的。最后，土地的价格机制是土地 市场最急迫需要解决的问题，需要学术的深入探讨。

Abstract:

Farmland transfer，as a kind of production factor's allocation，has an vital impact in agricultural eco- nomic development. This paper reviewed the related foreign researches with different views，which mainly concen- trated in the farmland price and market， and discussed the development process of domestic researches. It found that the research evolution was from macroscopic to microcosmic object，from qualitative research to quantitative re- search，and from the perspective of economics to the new institutional economics perspective. Combined with the reality of farmland transfer，it put forward the following suggestions: Firstly， to pay attention to the patterns of transfer， i.e.， the circulation between farmers or farmers and other subjects（enterprises，large and coopera- tives）.Different patterns should have different research topics. Secondly， to focus on the transaction cost， which was always ignored during the farmland transfer. Thirdly， price mechanism was urgent to be solved.