基于农地流转的农户规模经营绩效影响因素实证研究 ——以新疆玛纳斯县为例

THE EMPIRICAL STUDY ON INFLUENCING FACTORS OF FARMERS' SCALE OPER ATION PERFORMANCE BASED ON INVESTIGATION OF FARMERS' AGRICULTURAL LAND TRANSFER ——A CASE OF MANAS COUNTY IN XINJIANG

关键词:  农地流转 规模经营 影响因素 玛纳斯县

Key words:  agricultural land transfer  scale operation  influencing factors  Manas county

摘要:

土地是民生之根本，是农业生产的基本生产资料，也是农民最重要的社会保障。农户规模经营绩 效的高低对农产品产量和农户收入产生直接的影响，因而对农户规模经营绩效影响因素的探讨显得尤为重 要。以新疆天山北坡经济带上经济发展最为活跃的玛纳斯县为例，对其327户农户进行入户调查，选取土 地产出率和劳动生产率 ① 两个指标来表征农户规模经营绩效，运用多元线性回归计量模型对农户规模经营 绩效影响因素进行了实证分析。结果表明:在影响农户土地产出率层面，土地细碎化程度、家庭耕地总面 积、家庭总收入、滴灌面积占总面积比例和转出土地行为均在1%的置信水平上显著。在影响农户劳动生 产率层面，家庭总收入、转入土地行为和农业劳动力人数在1%的置信水平上显著，土地细碎化程度和农 户对农业经营风险认知在5%水平上显著，非农业劳动力人数和户主受教育年限在10%的水平上通过了模 型的显著性检验。

Abstract:

land is the survival of the farmer， which is the most basic means of agricultural production and the most important social security. The level of farmers' scale operation performance has a direct impact on agricultural pro- duction yield and farmers income， and hence the factors influencing on the performance of farmers' scale operation are particularly important. Taking Manas county for example where the economic development was the most active in Xinjiang Tianshan slope economic zone， Using the 327 households survey data，the paper selected the two indi- cators， average land productivity and labor productivity， to characterize the farmers' scale operation performance and make an empirical analysis of influencing factors of land production efficiency using multiple linear regression model. The results show that: The factors，i.e.， the degree of land fragmentation， the total area of family arable land， the total family income， the proportion of drip irrigation area accounting for total area and behavior of roll out land， all had significant（at 1% confidence level） impacts on the land productivity level. For the farmers labor productivity， the total family income，behavior of transferred land and the number of agriculture labor force had significant（at 1% confidence level） impacts， the degree of land fragmentation and the level of perception of agri- cultural business risk had significant（at 5% confidence level） impacts. The number of non-agricultural labor force and years of head of the household education had significant（at 10% confidence level） impacts through the model significant inspection.