基于GIS的万荣县生态敏感性评价与区划

STUDY ON THE ECOLOGICAL SENSITIVITY EVALUATION AND REGIONALIZATION IN WANRONG COUNTY BASED ON GIS

关键词:  GIS 生态敏感性 生态因子 评价 区划

Key words:  GIS  ecological sensitivity  ecological factor  evaluation  regionalization

摘要:

以地处黄土高原生态脆弱区的万荣县为研究对象，利用生态环境现状调查资料和相关研究成果，采用多因子综合方法，选取土壤侵蚀、生境、地质灾害作为生态环境敏感性评价因子，利用遥感影像资料和GIS空间分析功能，对其进行分级评价，获得各生态环境问题的单因子敏感性分布图。在此基础上应用综合指数法，多因子加权求和，得出区域生态敏感性综合评价结果,按照4级划分出了生态敏感区。结果分析表明，万荣县生态敏感性高度敏感区占到总区域面积的92%，主要分布在黄河湿地和稷王山林区；中度敏感区占到325%，主要分布在台地断层沿线、黄河湿地内侧以东地带和孤峰山地区；轻度敏感区和一般敏感区分别占到34%和549%，主要分布在广大农耕区和居民点。在分区评价基础上，结合当地实际，提出了各生态区的保护和开发对策，其中高度敏感区严禁过分人为活动和非保护性开发建设，中度敏感区保持生态优先下的适度开发，轻度和一般敏感区要优化布局，合理开发。

Abstract:

Based on the results of the survey of the current situation of ecological environment and the corresponding research achievements, grading evaluation of Wanrong county was performed with the GIS technology by selecting and adopting ecological sensitive evaluation factors, i.e., soil erosion, habitat, geological disasters. And then we got the results of regional ecological sensitivity comprehensive evaluation with the application of Integrate Index Method and Weighted Summation of Multi-factor. The results showed that the area with the high eco-sensitivity accounted for 92% of the total area in the county and were mainly distributed Yellow River Wetland and the forest region of Jiwangshan; the area with moderated eco-sensitivity was 325% and mainly distributed the Taidi fault line, the east region inside Yellow River Wetland and Butte Mountain region; the area with low and general eco-sensitivity was 34% and 549% , respectively, and mainly distributed the farming area and residential areas. On the basis of evaluation for different areas, strategies on protection and development of every ecological region were put forward with local actual condition.