基于ANT视角的葡萄酒产业链整合机理研究——以甘肃葡萄酒产业为例

ANALYSIS ON MECHANISM OF WINE INDUSTRY CHAIN INTEGRATION BASED ON ANT ——A CASE STUDY OF WINE INDUSTRY IN GANSU PROVINCE

关键词:  行动者网络理论（ANT） 葡萄酒产业 产业链整合 转译 甘肃省

Key words:  actor-network theory  wine industry  industry chain integration  translation  Gansu province

摘要:

行动者网络理论为研究利益联盟网络的形成提供了一种新视角与新方法。该文应用行动者网络理论，以甘肃省葡萄酒产业链为研究对象，在概述葡萄酒产业发展基本状况的基础上，通过实地调研，确定了葡萄酒产业链整合过程中各异质性行动主体，全面剖析了各行动主体的强制通行点，构建了葡萄酒产业链整合的行动者网络，并对网络运行中行动者的转译过程进行了深入研究。结果表明：甘肃省葡萄酒产业链整合的过程是内生性因素与外源性因素相互交织构成异质行动者网络的组构过程。行动者的转译是建构葡萄酒产业链整合的行动者网络的微观机理。在产业链整合过程中，因各行动主体自身能力与利益的差异性以及满足自身利益的各种约束，彼此之间存在着诸多异议，导致主体之间的对等性正在削减，尤其是作为有力行动者的企业在对农户实现有效“取代”的同时，加速了农户的“边缘化”。行动者网络理论作为葡萄酒产业链整合研究的理论基础具有较强的适用性和说服力。

Abstract:

In this paper，firstly，actor-network theory（ANT），an approach developed by scholars including Latour，Callon and Law from the study of science and technology，was introducedThe “translation” was the core concept of this theory，which is composed of five moments，ie.，“problematization”，“intersegment”，“enrolment”，“mobilization” and “dissidence” respectivelySecondly，heterogeneous actors related to the development of wine industry chain of Gansu province，ie.，producers，growers，governments，products（wine，grape and resource＆environmental conditions），university educational institutions，sellers and related companies（eg.competitors and others supplier of bottles etc.），were investigated，and the obligatory passage points（OPP）of different heterogeneous actors were analyzedThose actors could not attain what they wantedThirdly，how actor-network theory can form a framework that can be useful for studying the mechanism of wine industry chain integration in Gansu province was discussed.Finally，actor-network constructed for the wine industry chain integration and the translation of actor was analyzedThe result showed that：The process of wine chain integration of Gansu province was dynamic under the endogenous forces interweaved with exogenous forcesThe translation of actors emphasized the continuity of the displacements and transformations which included displacements of goals and interests，and displacements of growers，producers，governments，products and othersThe repertoire of translation was not only designed to give a symmetrical and tolerant description of a complex process which constantly mixed together with a variety of social and natural entitiesDuring the industry chain integration，there was some dissidence among heterogeneous actors in pursuing their individual interestsEspecially，the wine producers displaced effectively the wine growers and became the strongerAs a result，on the one hand，the producers lied in both ends of the curve of wine industry value chain which presented a “〖KG-*2〗U-type” smile curveOn the other hand，the growers were located in the intermediate stages of the curve of wine industry value chain.Finally，it concluded that it was convictive to study the integration of wine industry chain based on ANT.