河南省茶树种植现状及研究进展

THE PLANTING STATUS AND RESEARCH PROGRESS OF TEA PLANT IN HENAN PROVINCE

关键词:  茶树 种植区划 研究进展 对策与建议 河南省

Key words:  tea plant  planting division  research progress  countermeasure and suggestion  Henan province

摘要:

近年来河南省大力发展茶产业，过度、盲目开垦茶园，豫南信阳以外的一些地区甚至也出现了毁农田种茶树的极端现象，严重违背了茶树生长的自然规律，不符合茶产业持续健康发展的理念。在这样的大背景下，该文结合全国茶树种植区域布局情况和河南省在全国茶产业所处位置，对河南省茶树种植分布状况加以阐述。并从与茶产业息息相关的茶树生长所需的适宜气候条件，茶园地形、地貌、土壤类型、海拔等自然生态条件，茶树品种资源，茶树种植区划等几个方面的研究进展进行综合论述。在此基础上，对河南省茶产业进一步发展提出合理化建议：在种植规模的总体布局上稳定面积，适度发展，坚决杜绝毁粮种茶； 在种植区域布局上，要以种植核心适宜区为基础和主体，种植开发区小气候适宜的可以局部发展，种植辐射区不宜发展。

Abstract:

With the development of tea industry in Henan province in recent years, the excessive and blind land reclamation for tea planting had occurred in some regions, which seriously violated the natural law of tea plant growth, and was inconsistent with the idea of tea industry sustainable and healthy development. Combined with the layout of national tea planting area and planting status in Henan province, this paper synthetically discussed the distribution of tea plant in Henan, and stated the development status of the tea industry from the aspects of climate condition, terrain of tea garden, soil type, altitude, variety, and so on. Finally, it put forward some suggestions for the development of tea industry in Henan province: stabilizing planting area and prohibiting destroying farmland into tea planting; taking suitable planting regions as foundation and subject, developing moderately in parts of regions had good microclimate, the radiation regions were unsuitable to develop tea garden. This paper could offer references for rational distribution and sustainable and healthy development of tea industry in Henan province.