土壤环境功能区划研究进展浅析

ANALYSIS ON SOIL ENVIRONMENTAL FUNCTION ZONING STUDY PROGRESS

关键词:  土壤环境功能区划 评价 尺度 分类体系 研究进展

Key words:  soil environmental function zoning  assessment  scale  classification system  study progress

摘要:

土壤是人类生存的载体和物质来源基础，土壤环境功能的保护和管理直接事关人类安全，土壤环境功能区划是实现土壤环境“分区分类”管理和可持续利用的重要支撑。该研究系统地总结和梳理了土壤环境功能区划概念提出、区划原则与依据、区划方法与分类体系等研究进展，探讨分析了土壤环境功能区划中需要重点评价的主要因素，包括自然背景条件、社会经济发展水平、土壤环境污染现状与潜力、重金属污染、土壤侵蚀、土地利用、土壤环境承载力等各评价因素对土壤环境的影响作用；进而重点分析土壤环境功能区划中的尺度差异影响，强调不同尺度下的土壤环境功能区划，其区划指标体系选择和分区分类体系都存在显著差异，建议根据不同尺度特点合理界定区划目标和制定不同尺度上的有效的、可操作性强的土壤环境功能区划，提出土壤环境功能保护管理和区划实施方面的建议。

Abstract:

Soil is the basic carrier and material sources for human survival, the protection and management of soil environmental function are both directly related to human security. Zoning of soil environmental function is an important support to achieve the "zoning and classification" management of soil environment. This study systematically summarized and combed the progress of soil environmental function zoning concept proposing, zoning principle and basis, zoning method and classification systems, analyzed the main factors needed to be evaluated for soil environmental function zoning such as natural background conditions, social economic development level, the soil pollution status and potential, heavy metal pollution, soil erosion, land use, and soil environmental carrying capacity. This study emphatically discussed the impact of scale difference on soil environmental function zoning with different zoning classifications and evaluation indices. It strongly recommended that different soil environment function zoning should be proposed according to the characteristics of reasonable definition of zoning objectives in different scales, and be effective and operational. This study then put forward several recommendations for soil environmental function protection and effective implementation of soil environmental zoning. The results could provide scientific references for soil environmental function zoning.