我国农村劳动力的就业意向选择分析——以统筹城乡综合配套改革试验区重庆市为例

RESEARCH ON RURAL LABOR FORCE EMPLOYMENT INTENTION CHOICE IN CHINA——TAKING CHONGQING CITY AS AN EXAMPLE

关键词:  农村劳动力 就业方式 多元Logit模型 就业意向 重庆市

Key words:  rural labor force  forms of employment  multivariate Logit model  employment tendency

摘要:

农村劳动力的就业意向选择问题研究是对农村富余劳动力转移就业问题研究的进一步深化。该文以统筹城乡综合配套改革试验区重庆农村劳动力资源为主要研究对象，以其当前就业意向性选择为切入点，对影响农村劳动力当前就业意向的不同偏好因素进行分析，对其相关特征变量进行了详细的描述性统计分析，并采用多元Logit模型进行实证分析。研究结果表明，重庆山区农村劳动力当前就业意向存在着明显的性别差异，男性农村劳动力素质总体上优于农村女性劳动力，两者平均年龄仍较高，男性农村劳动力更倾向于外出务工或经商就业，但总体收入仍不理想。务农就业意向的农村劳动力与务工、自主创业或经商就业意向的农村劳动力相比，在年龄、耕地、收入等变量方面存在显著劣势差异。农村劳动力的人力资本、家庭禀赋和所在村劳动力人口数等变量对其不同的就业意向选择具有重要影响和显著差异。

Abstract:

The research on the rural surplus labor force employment choice has great impact on the rural surplus labor transfer employment. This paper selected the mountainous rural labor resources in Chongqing, an overall urban and rural comprehensive reform pilot area, as the main research object, analyzed different factors affecting rural labor employment and the employment intention, made statistical analysis on the characteristics of the related variables, combining with the multivariate Logit model for empirical analysis. The results showed that the current employment orientation in Chongqing mountainous rural labor force had significant gender differences, the labor quality of male was better than female, the average age was still high, and the male labor tended to be migrant worker or in business, but the overall income was still not ideal. Farmer employment intention had remarkable disadvantages in terms of age, cultivated land, income and other variables, compared with the employment intention of being migrant workers or business. Rural labor force had significant differences in the human capital, family endowment and population of labor force.