珠三角地区水环境空间分异及其优化对策研究

STUDY ON THE SPATIAL DIFFERENTIATION AND OPTIMIZATION STRATEGIES OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT IN THE PEARL RIVER DELTA REGION

关键词:  水环境 空间分异 优化对策 主成分分析法 珠三角地区

Key words:  water environment  spatial differentiation  optimization strategies  the principal component method  the Pearl River Delta region

摘要:

在珠三角地区社会经济不断发展的同时，水环境却遭受了严重的破坏。水污染问题已经成为阻碍该区域社会经济持续发展的重要因素。为了获取珠三角地区在水环境劣化困境及过程机理方面的现实信息，从根本上破解该区域水环境治理实践困局，选取影响区域水环境的主要社会经济指标，利用主成分分析法综合评价各城市水环境状况。研究表明：居民生活是影响珠三角地区水环境的主导因子，但各城市具体的水环境劣化机理存在差异。水环境评价结果中，内圈层中的深圳市、广州市、东莞市、佛山市最差，形成“水环境滞后型”区域； 珠海市、中山市、江门市形成“经济环境协调型”组团； 区域西翼肇庆市比东翼惠州市好，两市形成“经济滞后型”双翼。河流西北岸城市比东南岸城市好，较上游城市比下游城市好。政策建议的要点包括：健全激励与约束机制，推广绿色生活方式； 优化政策工具，重点治理内圈层的水环境问题； 运用差异化思维，实现城市“边发展，边管治”； 构建共享与补偿机制，增强经济与环境协调性。

Abstract:

The social economy in the Pearl River Delta region has made great development but the water environment is increasingly deteriorating； water pollution problem has become an important factor to hinder the sustained and health economic development of the Pearl River delta.Selecting the main socio-economic indicators of the impact of regional water environment，the paper used the principal component method to evaluate water environment and its process mechanism of the Pearl River Delta's region water environment.The results showed that：the living environment was the dominant factor affecting the Pearl River Delta water，but there were differences in the specific mechanism of deterioration of water environment between cities.In the aspect of water environment spatial differentiation，Shenzhen，Guangzhou，Dongguan，Foshan formed the region of "lag-type environment spheres"； Zhuhai，Zhongshan，Jiangmen formed the group of "economic environment coordination type"； Zhaoqing city in the west wing was better than that in Huizhou city，the two cities form a wing of "lag-type economy".Policy recommendations included improving the incentive and restraint mechanisms to promote green lifestyle； optimizing policy tools to govern" lag-type environment "spheres' water environment； using differentiated thinking to achieve development and governance； building shared and compensation mechanism to enhance coordination of regional economic environment.