伊犁河谷地区种植业产业布局调整与优化研究——以伊宁县为例

RESEARCH ON THE DISTRIBUTION ADJUSTMENT AND OPTIMIZATION OF THE PLANTING INDUSTRY IN YILI RIVER VALLEY AREA——TAKING YINING COUNTY AS AN EXAMPLE

关键词:  种植业 产业布局 综合比较优势指数法 三大功能区 伊宁县

Key words:  planting industry  industrial distribution  comprehensive comparative advantage index method  three functional zones  Yining County

摘要:

坚持“高产、优质、高效、生态、安全”的发展方向，加快种植业产业布局调整，对于增强伊犁河谷地区农业综合生产能力、确保粮食安全及农产品的有效供给有着重要意义。伊宁县是伊犁河谷地区具有代表性的农业大县，文章以伊宁县为例，在分析伊宁县种植业产业发展现状的基础上，结合伊宁县内外农业产业化的发展需求，提出“稳定小麦，提质玉米，增加果蔬”的调整思路。采取综合比较优势指数法从效率优势、规模优势及综合优势3方面对伊宁县种植业主要农作物类型与全国同类农作物进行优势比较分析，并结合GIS软件的空间分析功能，将伊宁县划分为农业种植三大功能区，围绕伊宁县农业优势支柱产业和特色农产品规模化生产，建成优质高效、高产出率和高商品率的六大特色农产品标准化生产基地，形成万亩连片示范片和万亩示范田，促进农业生产布局区域化、生产规模化、经营一体化，满足农业的发展需求。

Abstract:

It is of vital significance for strengthening the overall agricultural productivity of Yili River Valley area and ensuring food safety and effective supply of agricultural products to adhere to the development direction of "high yield, high quality,efficiency,ecology and safety" and accelerate the distribution adjustment of planting industry. Yining is a representative and important agriculture county of Yili River Valley area. Taking Yining County as an example and on the basis of analyzing the development status of its planting industry, this paper, combining with the development demand of agricultural industrialization of Yining County inside and outside, puts forwards the adjustment thought of "stabilizing wheat production, improving the quality of maize and increasing fruits and vegetables". With Comprehensive Comparative Advantage Index method, it makes comparative analysis of the main crop types of Yining County with the same crops of the country from such three aspects as efficiency advantage,scale advantage and comprehensive advantage. Moreover, applying the space analysis function of GIS software, it divides Yining County into three planting functional zones, centers on the pillar industries with agricultural advantages and scale production of characteristic agricultural products, establishes six standardized production bases of characteristic agricultural products of high quality and efficiency, high yield and high commodity rate. As a result, contiguous demonstration area and fields of ten thousand mu respectively are formed to promote the regionalization of agricultural production layout, large-scale production and management integration and meet the demand of agricultural development.