基于生态敏感性分析的西南都市农业功能区划研究——以重庆市沙坪坝区为例

URBAN AGRICULTURE FUNCTION ZONING IN SOUTHWEST OF CHINA BASED ON ECOLOGICAL SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS——A CASE STUDY OF SHAPINGBA DISTRICT IN CHONGQING

关键词:  生态敏感性 都市农业 功能区划 重庆市沙坪坝区

Key words:  ecological sensitivity  urban agriculture  function zoning  Shapingba district in Chongqing

摘要:

都市农业功能在不同程度的都市生态敏感区内所发挥的经济与生态效益各不相同。基于重庆市沙坪坝区遥感影像数据与自然资源、社会经济数据，从自然环境背景、人类活动干扰等2个方面构建了重庆市沙坪坝区生态敏感性评价指标体系并对该区进行了生态敏感性评价与区划。在对各生态敏感区的生态环境特征与生态敏感性进行分析的基础上，对沙坪坝区进行了都市农业功能区划。结果表明：沙坪坝区可以划分为高生态敏感区、中生态敏感区、低生态敏感区及不敏感区；基于生态敏感性分区结果，全区划分为3个都市农业功能区（都市农业生态涵养发展区、都市农业主体功能区及都市农业多元扩展区）与7个都市农业功能亚区（生态屏障亚区、生态补偿亚区、果蔬产业亚区、花卉产业亚区、创汇农业亚区、科普教育亚区及休闲体验亚区）；针对各功能区与亚区提出了相应的都市农业功能调控方案与分区发展策略。

Abstract:

The functions of urban agriculture showedsignificant differences in economic and ecological benefits in different levels of urban ecological sensitive area.Based on the latest research progress of ecological sensitivity evaluation，an evaluation index system for the ecological sensitivity of Shapingba District was established from two aspects including natural environmental and human disturbance.Seven indexes were selected to construct the ecological sensitivity evaluation index system，which were terrain，the distance from the point of geological disaster，the distance from water area，soil types，vegetationcoverage，land use types and the distance from ecological preservation.The entropy method was adopted to improve the evaluation index weight which was determined by the AHP.The technology of GIS was used to evaluate and regionalized ecological sensitivity in the study area which owned unique geographical location and ecological function in southwest China.The results showed that the study area could be divided into four ecological sensitivity sub-areas（high，moderate，low and none）.Through analyzing the eco-environmental characteristics and ecological sensitivity of each sensitive sub-area，it indicated that the high ecological sensitive regions mainly distributed in the hilly area of Jinyun Mountain and Zhongliang Mountain as well as Zhaishanping in Xiyong Street.The moderate ecological sensitive regions not only distributed around the high ecological sensitive regions but also in ridge-trough of ZhongliangMountain，valley of Jialing River and the mid-low reaches of the Liangtan River and Hufeng Mountain in Zengjia Town.The low ecological sensitive regions mainly distributed in the mid-low reaches of the Liangtan River and the eastern platform and hills in the study area.And the rest was none ecological sensitive regions.Based on the results of ecological sensitivity，the study area could be divided into seven urban agriculture sub-areas such as eco-defense，eco-compensation，fruit and vegetable agriculture，flower agriculture，export agriculture，popular science education and leisure experience.Finally，the functional adjustment programs and district development strategies of urban agriculture were proposed.