经济欠发达地区土地股份合作社发展研究——以江苏省宿迁市为例

CURRENT SITUATION OF DEVELOPING AREA'S RURAL LAND STOCK COOPERATIVE SYSTEM——A CASE STUDY OF SUQIAN CITY OF JIANGSU PROVINCE

关键词:  经济欠发达地区 土地股份合作社 非粮化 宿迁市

Key words:  underdeveloped areas  rural land stock and cooperative  development  suggestions  Suqian City

摘要:

农村土地股份合作社是我国农村土地制度改革的产物，它克服了现行家庭联产承包责任制的一些弊端，对实行土地规模经营、建设现代农业目标具有重要意义。但当前在更广的范围内，特别是在经济欠发达地区的农村被推行时，其可行性以及由此可能产生的问题引起了广泛的注意和担忧。针对此状况，文章以江苏省经济欠发达的宿迁市为例，研究了该市土地股份合作社的发展现状，在总结和分析该市土地股份合作社发展经验和存在问题的基础上，提出了经济欠发达地区发展土地股份合作社的相关建议。研究认为，在省、市政府政策推动下，该市土地股份合作社成立速度较快，对土地规模经营起到一定的作用，但总体存在发展规模不大，农户对合作社的参与度不高等问题，合作社盈利能力不足，对提高入股农户收入作用有限。因此，建议多渠道提高农民在合作社生产、经营和管理等环节中的参与度和参与能力； 加强地方政府对合作社的扶持和监督，做强合作社经济实力； 健全农村就业和养老保障体系，确保农村老、弱群体在土地入股后生活水平不下降、长期生活有保障。

Abstract:

Rural land stock cooperative is a product of rural land reform in China. It overcomes some disadvantages of the current household contract responsibility system, which plays an important role in the land scale management and constructing the modern agriculture. But the feasibility and problems caused by the promotion in a wide range has attracted wide attention, especially in the less-developed areas of the rural region. Aiming at the underdeveloped city, Suqian of Jiangsu, as an example,this study analyzed the development situation of stock cooperatives, and put forward some advice of the stock cooperatives in less-developed areas by studying on the current situation of the development and summarizing the experiences and problems of the stock cooperative. The results showed that the land stock cooperatives developed fast due to the support of the government, and was helpful to promote land management of scale. But the stock cooperatives in Suqian City in general had been still in a small land scale, farmers did not really participate stock cooperatives decision-making, and the profit of the stock cooperatives was insufficient to improve the income of the farmers. Therefore, this paper suggested that the stock cooperatives should give more channels to improve farmers' participation willing and ability in the step of production, operation and management. And the local government should give more support and supervision to the stock cooperatives and improve the rural employment and pension security system to ensure life standard of the old and women.