西安市农村土地流转的“高陵模式”分析与启示

THE ANALYSIS AND INSPIRATION OF RURAL LAND CIRCULATION OF 'GAOLING MODE' IN XI'AN

关键词:  农村土地流转 高陵模式 改进策略 西安市

Key words:  rural land circulation  Gaoling Model  improving strategies  Xi'an

摘要:

西安市农村土地流转速度大大加快，在8区县开展土地流转工作试点，土地流转区域范围得到不断拓展，规模得以不断扩大； 流转形式向多样化发展，流转主体向多元化发展且以农民为主体； 政府重视程度提高，土地流转形式更加规范化。文章在分析西安市农村土地流转现状、流转特征、以产权改革促进土地流转的基础上，选取西安市最具代表性的农村土地流转“高陵模式”为例，分析其具体的实践策略，总结出“高陵模式”中流转土地建农场、小面积土地流转给园区、不改变流地农业生产性质的三大现象。以土地流转“高陵模式”的实践经验为参考，探讨农村土地流转的战略意义，从政策法规、组织管理机构、流转机制、配套体系等方面进行农村土地流转路径研究，提出了出台土地流转政策法规，健全土地流转组织管理机构、试点工作勇于突破，进行流转机制的大胆创新、完善土地流转配套体系建设的土地流转路径，为西安市农村土地流转工作提供指导性作用，有效促进西安市农业现代化发展。

Abstract:

The speed of rural land circulation in Xi'an has greatly quickened. The pilot work of land circulation has been carried out in eight districts and counties in Xi'an. The range and scale of land circulation have been expanded constantly, the form becomes more diversified, and the subjects are farmers. The government has paid more attention to normalize land circulation. On the basis of analyzing current situations and features of rural land circulation in Xi'an and ways to promote land circulation through property right reforms, taking the most representative "Gaoling Model" of rural land circulation in Xi'an as an example, this paper analyzed the specific practical strategies. The results that there were three phenomena in "Gaoling Model", for example, the circulated lands become farms; Lands covering a small area were circulated to parks; The agricultural production nature of lands circulated was not changed. Referring to the practical experience of "Gaoling Model" of land circulation, the paper discussed the strategic significance of rural land circulation and made a research on ways of rural land circulation from such aspects as policies and regulations, organizational management institutions, circulation mechanism and accessory systems. The paper put forward some policies for rural land circulation and effectively promoting the development of agricultural modernization in Xi'an, such as regulating land circulation, perfecting organizational management institutions, innovating circulation mechanism, and perfecting ways of land circulation to provide guidance.