县级土壤环境功能区划研究与示范——以登封市为例

STUDY ON THE SOIL ENVIRONMENTAL FUNCTION ZONING AND DEMONSTRATION AT COUNTY-LEVEL

关键词:  县级 土壤环境功能 区划 登封市

Key words:  county-level  soil environmental function  zoning  Dengfeng

摘要:

土壤是人类赖以生存与发展的物质基础，土壤环境功能区划是合理开发利用与有效保护管理的重要基础性工作。土壤环境功能区划工作亟须详细展开，且区划方案因尺度不同而异。县级土壤环境功能区划结果要求更具体、可操作性更强。文章深入分析了县级土壤环境功能区划的区划思路、区划原则、区划方法、区划依据与指标体系等区划方案，并以河南省登封市为例进行县级土壤环境功能区划示范研究。登封市土壤环境功能区划分为4级:一级区划分为生产功能区、生活功能区、生态功能区等3类；二级区划分为基本农田种植区、一般农业发展区、商品林生产种植区、农村居民区、城镇建设区、独立工矿区、港口与交通用地区、生态公益林种植区、生态安全控制区、自然景观与文化遗产保护区、湿地保护区、草地保护区等12类；三、四级区划分别根据土壤环境质量现状、潜在风险等进行空间100m格网大小评价并各划分为5个等级。该研究关于县级土壤环境功能区划方案与示范应用，为土壤环境保护与可持续利用提供科学参考，也可为其他地区县级土壤环境功能区划提供科学借鉴。

Abstract:

Soil is the material basis for human survival and development, soil environmental function zoning is the important and basal work for the rational exploitation and effective protection and management. Soil environmental function zoning should be set to work. The county-level soil environmental function zoning should be more specific. This paper deeply analyzed the soil environmental function zoning at the county scale, and taking Dengfeng city of Henan province as an example for demonstration of county-level soil environmental function zoning. In Dengfeng county, soil environment function zone were divided into four levels. The first level zoning included 3 classes of producing function area, living function area, ecological function area. The second level zoning included 12 classes which were basic farmland planting area, general agricultural development zone, the commercial forest planting area, rural residential area, urban construction area, independent industrial and mining areas, port and traffic land area, the ecological public welfare forest planting area, ecological security control area, the natural landscape and cultural heritage protection area, wetland protection area, grassland protection area. The third or fourth level zoning were evaluated according to the current soil environment quality situation and potential pollution risks based on 100 meters grid size. Dengfeng County was taken as an example of the soil environmental function zoning in the county level. The results showed that the producing function area, living function area and ecological function area accountedfor about 47.64%, 10.15%, 42.21%of first level zone. The ecological function area in the second levelcontained the ecological public welfare forest planting area and grassland protection area, which mainly distributed in the northwestern and southern area, the northeastern area and southwestern area of Dengfeng county, respectively. The producing function area mainly contained the basic farmland planting area and distributed from west to east in Dengfeng county. The living function area mainly contained rural residential area and urban construction area and scattered in Dengfeng county. For the third level of soil environmental function zoning, the light pollution area and general pollution area accounted for most of the Dengfeng county area. But for the fourth level of soil environmental function zoning, the high safe area and middle safe area accounted most of the Dengfeng county area. This study can provide scientific reference for the sustainable utilization and environmental protection of soil.