粮食金融化视角下粮食安全问题思考

THINKING ABOUT THE FOOD SECURITY AT THE ANGLE OF FOOD FINANCIALIZATION

关键词:  粮食安全 价格波动 粮食金融化 农业 粮食企业

Key words:  food safety  price fluctuation  food finance  agriculture  food enterprises

摘要:

粮食金融化是目前威胁粮食安全的重要因素，文章利用文献分析的方法，对粮食安全与粮食金融化的含义进行界定，阐述基于粮食金融化视角下，中国面临的粮食安全问题。并从粮食生产收益降低、经济运行使宏微观风险增加、粮食生产分散、粮食企业过度集中及粮食的价格受到流动性与供需因素的双重影响等方面分析了粮食金融化背景下威胁粮食安全的重要原因。据此，提出了推进土地流转制度改革，实现粮食集约化生产； 加强国际粮食贸易合作； 加强市场信息化建设，培养专业化人才； 大力培育粮食龙头企业，进一步完善粮食主产区补贴制度； 完善金融支持体系，确保粮食价格稳定； 不断开发粮食期货品种，增加套期保值功能等6项对策意见，以应对粮食金融化带来的风险，确保国家粮食安全稳定。

Abstract:

Food financialization is an important factor threatening food security. In this paper, the method of literature analysis was used to define the food security and food financialization, and some problems referring to the food were proposed based on the food security and food financialization. And some reasons threatening the food security were analyzed such as low income from grain production, the macro and microeconomy risk, food production dispersion, excessive concentration of food businesses, and the food prices impacted by liquidity and factors of supply and demand. Finally, some suggestions were proposed for lowering the risk from food financialization and ensuring national food security and stability, such as reforming land transfer system, achieving food intensive production, strengthening the international cooperation in food trade, reducing the risk of price fluctuations, strengthening the construction of market information, training specialized personnel, cultivating grain enterprises, improving the subsidies for major grain producing areas, perfecting the financial support system to ensure the stability of food price, constantly developing grain futures to increase hedging functions.