水稻种植大户与农业科技溢出效应研究——基于江西省微观调查数据

LARGE RICE FARMERS AND SPILLOVER EFFECTS IN AGRICULTURE SCIENCE ——BASE ON SURVEY IN JIANGXI

关键词:  水稻种植 大户 农业科技 溢出效应 江西省

Key words:  rice planting  large farmers  agricultural science and technology  spillover effects  Jiangxi province

摘要:

文章基于经营大户农业科技溢出效应的理论分析与江西省吉安市301户水稻种植户的微观调查数据，将农业大户的科技溢出效应分为雇佣导致的直接效应与模仿生产行为导致的间接效应。通过计量工具探讨影响水稻种植大户农业科技溢出效应的关键影响因素。研究结果表明：大户雇佣经历与村大户雇佣人数影响显著为正，经营大户的农业科技直接溢出效应明显；村大户种植面积、村大户为农业技术指导员及参加农业技术宣传会影响不显著，经营大户的农业科技间接溢出效应不明显。建议政府通过补贴等财税措施进一步鼓励经营大户雇佣当地居民，强化农业科技直接溢出效应；政府通过改变村技术指导员任命方式与提高其经济补贴改善技术指导效果，通过实施经济激励与改变宣传模式强化技术宣传效果，从而激发农业科技间接溢出效应。

Abstract:

This paper focused on the agriculture science spillover effects which come from owners of the large rice farmsBased on 301 rice farmers' survey data in the Jiangxi Province where is one of large rice planting areas in China，this paper analyzed the agriculture science spillover effects of large-scale rice farmers，which included the direct effects of employment on common farmers and the indirect effects of mimicking production affairs of the large rice farmers，and discussed the factors affecting spillover effects using econometric toolsThe results showed that the factors such as whether to have employment experience in big farmers and number of employee were positive and significant，which implied that the farmers working in the large farm can enhance the science knowledgeThe area of large farmers planting，whether large farmers were technology instructors，whether large farmers participated in the publicity，were not significant，which meant that mimicking economic affairs cannot improve the science knowledgeTherefore，it put forward some policy countermeasures including that the government should encourage farmers to employ local people through finance and tax policy such as fiscal subsidy for enhancing the direct effects of science spillover，and change the appointment way of village of technical instructor and improve the economic subsidies to enhance technology guidance effects by economic stimulation and the change of promotion model，and thus enhance the agricultural science indirect spillover effects.