新疆南北疆沙产业发展差异性及对经济、环境影响研究

RESEARCH ON THE DIFFERENCE OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF DESERTICULTURE AND ITS IMPACT ON THE ECONOMY AND ENVIRONMENT IN THE NORTH AND SOUTH PART OF XINJIANG

关键词:  新疆沙产业 差异性 经济 环境 影响分析 多元统计

Key words:  deserticulture of Xinjiang  economy  environment  diversity  impact analysis  multivariate statistics

摘要:

研究新疆沙产业区域发展差异性，分析沙产业发展与环境、经济的关系，对加深社会以及相关部门对沙产业的认识具有一定促进作用，也能够一定程度上促进沙产业本身的良性发展。文章选取环塔里木盆地-塔克拉玛干沙漠区域的和田地区与环准噶尔盆地-古尔班通古特沙漠区域的26个县市（兵团）作为主要研究对象，数据来源为实地调查、新疆统计年鉴及新疆各地2013年统计公报等，筛选出当地沙产业发展、经济发展及环境状况的10个具有代表性的指标；运用因子分析、聚类分析等多元统计方法，对调查区26个不同区域的沙产业发展进行了综合评价与分类比较；采用多元线性回归方法，分析了沙产业发展与环境、经济之间的相互关系。研究结果表明：在对经济影响方面，沙产业发展能够轻微改善环境，显著拉动经济；在沙产业发展格局方面，存在“北强南弱”、均衡性不足的问题；在分析沙产业前期发展现状方面，存在“挤出效应”、效益未充分体现的问题；在对比南北疆发展现状方面，存在北疆沙产业发展赶超南疆、后发优势明显的现象。并针对性提出具体的政策建议，即从应对区域发展均衡性不足方面，因地制宜，发展特色沙产业；从削弱“挤出效应”方面，加大科技创新投入，合理规划投资规模；从促进沙产业区域发展方面，扩大北疆后发优势，谋求南疆先发效应。通过该文的研究，能够一定程度消除社会对新疆沙产业发展的认识误区，同时对策建议是基于现实存在的问题而提出的，在解决相关问题上具有一定的现实意义。

Abstract:

To study the regional differences in the development of deserticulture in Xinjiang and analyze the relationships among the development of deserticulture，environment，and economy，can not only deepen the understanding of the deserticulture for the society and the relevant departments，but also promote the self-development of deserticulture.26 counties（corps）were selected as the object of this study including Hotan Region of the Tarim Basin-the Taklimakan Desert Area and southern margin of Junggar basin of the Junggar basin-Gurbantunggut Desert RegionThe data sources come from field investigation，2014 Xinjiang Statistics Yearbook，and 2013 statistic bulletin of regions.10 typical indexes representing the deserticulture development，economy and environment were choseUsing the factor and the cluster analysis method，this paper made a comprehensively evaluation and comparison on the development of deserticulture in the 26 regionsUsing the multiple linear regression analysis，it analyzed the relationships between the development and economy and environmentThe results were as follows：the development of deserticulture could optimize the environment and promote the economic development，but it was unbalanced in southern and northern Xinjiang and had no obvious benefitsThe development speed of deserticulture in Northern Xinjiang was faster than that in Southern Xinjiang.Finally，this paper put forward some countermeasures including developing the characteristic deserticulture，increasing the technology innovation investment，planning a rational scale of investment，and extending the advantage in the northern and south Xinjiang.