天祝县民族地区特色农作物比较优势实证分析

AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS ON COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE OF UNIQUE CROPS IN ETHNIC MINORITY AREAS OF TIANZHU COUNTY

关键词:  天祝 民族地区 特色农作物 比较优势 实证分析

Key words:  Tianzhu  ethnic minority areas  unique crops  comparative advantage  empirical analysis

摘要:

文章采用规模比较优势指数、单产比较优势指数以及综合比较优势指数等方法，对天祝县2003～2012年种植面积较大且地域特色明显的3种主要农作物比较优势进行了横向和纵向比较，并与市内其余县域进行了差异比较分析，以期掌握天祝县主要农作物比较优势状况以及发展变化趋势。结果表明：天祝县马铃薯和油菜具有明显的比较优势，且优势十分明显，可以大力发展； 蔬菜作为天祝县一个具有后发优势的产业，规模比较优势明显，单产比较优势和综合比较优势接近于1，具有潜在的发展潜力。建议天祝县特色农作物的发展，要紧紧抓住国家支持藏区建设和建立丝绸之路新经济带的历史机遇，抓住天祝县被列为全国北方油菜优势区和西北马铃薯优势产区的有力契机，走稳定规模优势、扩大产量优势、强化产品质量的良性循环发展之路。同时，要根据天祝县优势农作物产区属于复合型区域的特点，协调各种优势作物的种植规模，形成资源和要素配置合理的配置，在产业发展中要充分发挥高原气候资源优势，全面提高优势农作物的生产效率和产品质量，以实现民族地区特色农业产业健康可持续发展。

Abstract:

Using the methods of the scale advantage index, yield comparative advantage index and comprehensive comparative advantage index, this paper analyzed the comparative advantage of 3 main crops in Tianzhu County from 2003 to 2012 with other counties. The results showed that: the potato and rape in Tianzhu county had obvious comparative advantage; vegetables as a new industry had the scale comparative advantage and had the great development potential. It suggested that it should seize historic opportunity of supporting the Tibetan construction and establishing the new Silk Road economy, and rely on the advantage of the northern rape edge area and northwest potato advantage area, to strengthen production and the quality of products for the development of the characteristic agriculture. At the same time, according to the good compound conditions of the producing areas, it should give full play the advantages of the plateau climate resources, and comprehensively improve the agricultural crop production efficiency and product quality in order to realize the sustainable development of agriculture industry health in ethnic minority areas.