河南新型城镇化与农业适度规模经营的关系研究

RESEARCH ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE NEW URBANIZATION AND THE AGRICULTURE MODERATE SCALE OPERATION IN HENAN

关键词:  新型城镇化 农业适度规模经营 农业现代化 土地流转 关系

Key words:  new type urbanization  the moderate scale operation of agriculture  agricultural modernization  land transfer  relations

摘要:

新型城镇化是我国推进工业化和农业现代化的重要保障，河南省近年来在推进新型城镇化建设方面取得了一定成绩，根据《2014年河南省国民经济和社会发展统计公报》显示，截止2014年底，河南省2014年全年新增转移就业的农村人口到达82万人，历年来农村劳动力转移就业累计已经达到2742万人。截止2014年末，城镇化人口占总人口发比例为452%，比2013提高了14个百分点。然而根据国家统计局相关数据显示，全国城镇人口占总人口比重为5477%，河南的城镇化还有相当大的发展空间。与此同时，在土地流转加速和新型农业经营模式不断发展的条件下，根据河南省省情，推进农业适度规模经营有利于发展优质高效的现代农业，并且对于河南扮演我国重要粮食产区的角色，确保国家粮食安全具有重要作用。但是，长期以来由于土地资源利用率偏低、土地流转渠道不畅以及城乡二元体制的制约，河南省的农业适度规模经营发展较为缓慢。如何在推进新型城镇化的过程中有效提高农业适度规模经营的水平，是目前发展河南农业和开展农村工作需要解决的重要问题。

Abstract:

The new urbanization is an important guarantee for promoting industrialization and agricultural modernization.Henan province has made some efforts to promote the new urbanization construction in recent years.According to the “2014 Henan province national economic and social development statistics bulletin”，the total rural population of new transfer employment has reached to 820000 by the end of 2014，and a total of rural labor transfer employment has reached 27420000 in Henan province over the years.By the end of 2014，the proportion of urbanization population has accounted for 45.2%，with an increase of 1.4 percentage points over 2013.However，related data from the National Bureau of Statistics showed that China's urban population accounted for 54.77% of the total population，so urbanization development in Henan province had a considerable potential.Meanwhile，to promote the moderate scale operation of agriculture under the condition of accelerating land transfer and developing the new agricultural management mode，it is important for Henan Province as China's major grain producing area to develop modern agriculture with high quality and efficiency.However，due to the low utilization rate of land resources，sluggish channels of land transfer，and the long-term constraints of urban and rural dual system，the development of agricultural moderate scale operation was relatively slow for a long time.How to effectively improve the level of scale operation was an important problem in the development of agriculture in Henan province.