村镇区域规划中统计数据空间化研究初探

PRELIMINARY STUDY ON SPATIALIZATION OF STATISTICAL DATA IN VILLAGE AND TOWN PLANNING

关键词:  村镇土地利用土地整治规划 格网尺度统计数据空间化

Key words:  land use of village  land management planning  scale of grid  statistics data  space modeling

摘要:

随着3S技术的不断发展，该技术越来越多地被应用于农业、地质、灾害、林业、水利等各行各业； 其中，统计数据的空间化研究被大家所关注。为了提高农村土地的利用率，以及提高人们的生活水平，村镇区域土地规划被提上议程。以往对于统计数据的研究集中于人口数据的空间化，尺度往往是省或县市，很少有对村镇级统计数据进行空间化的研究。针对村镇土地利用与土地整治规划中涉及的统计数据的空间化问题，文章选择重庆市巴南区石龙镇作为研究区，对收集到的空间数据进行空间参考系的统一，空间参考系为1980西安坐标系，通过对村镇统计数据进行分类，选择对人口与农用肥施用量数据进行空间化，以多个格网尺度对研究区进行格网化处理，结合土地利用空间数据，精确人口分布区域范围，并利用专家打分法，就土地利用类型分别对人口数据与农用化肥的影响力进行了打分，构建统计数据空间化模型，最后将空间化结果数据与数字高程模型进行空间分析，从而获取人口与农用肥施用的空间分布情况。得到以下结论：（1）研究区数据空间化的格网尺度与原始数据的空间分辨率相关，研究对象的尺度为村级，土地利用数据的空间分辨率为1m时，研究区人口与农用肥统计数据空间化的适宜尺度均为10m。（2）不同统计数据的空间分布与高程的关系紧密，其中人口资源多分布在相对比较平坦的丘陵区与沟谷区。而农用肥主要施用对象为旱地、果园、茶园等地方，地貌类型为沟谷平原、丘陵及山地等。该研究对于从地理空间角度进行村镇区域规划具有重要指导意义。

Abstract:

With the development of information technology, the 3S technology iswidely applied in agriculture, geology, disasters, forestry, and water conservancy. At the same time, the research on spatialization of statistical data has been gradually concerned. In order to improve the utilization of rural land and enhance people′s living standards, land planning of village and town has been put on the agenda. Town regional spatial planning is a comprehensive process that involves all aspects of national economic data. Previous researches mainly focus onspatialization of population data on the scale of province, county and city. However, few studies have been done on village scale. Based on these, improvement research was done in light of the issues about spatialization of statistical data in land use and land management planning of village and town. Shilong Town, located in Ba nan District of Chong qing City, was chose as study area. Thecollected spatial data was unified by spatial reference system, i.e., the 1980 Xi′an coordinate system. Statistical data of village and town were classified, and space modeling were made by using population and agricultural fertilizer consumption data.Multiple grid scales wereselected for grid processing. Combined with land use data, regional population distribution data was obtained. Then therates of population and agricultural fertilizer under the influence of land use types were obtained by using expert scoring method. Finally, spatial result and DEM were analyzed to obtain spatial distribution of demographic and fertilizer of agricultural. The spatial statistical data model wasconstructed to calculate the result of space-based data. The results showed that: (1) Grid scaleswere related to the spatial resolution of the original data. The appropriate spatial scale of the population and agricultural fertilizer statistics data was 10 m with the spatial resolution of the land use data of 1 m on village scale. (2) The spatial distribution of different statistical data was closely related with the elevation. Population resourcewas distributed in relatively flat hilly and gully area. And the agricultural fertilizer wasmainlyapplied to dry land, garden and tea garden, as well asthe corresponding landscape types with valleys plains, hills and mountains. Spatial distribution of statistical data was often determined by the topography and the statistical properties of the data.The study played an important significance in conducting regional planning of village and town from the perspective of geospatial.