不同兼业类型农户的小麦技术效率研究——以河南省为例

RESEARCH ON DEVELOPMENT PART-TIME FARMER IN HENAN PROVINCE

关键词:  河南省 不同兼业类型农户 随机前沿分析 小麦技术效率

Key words:  Henan province  past-time farmer  stochastic frontier analysis  technical efficiency of wheat

摘要:

农户兼业问题是在我国人地矛盾较尖锐、农村社会保障制度尚不健全的制约下形成的农户家庭内部分工的均衡形态，是我国农村经济社会转型时期的普遍现象。在今后相当长的一段时期内，农户兼业经营现象将长期存在，并将成为我国农业和农村发展的普遍趋势。近年来我国农户兼业现象进一步不断深化，且兼业农户的比重远远超过了纯农户。文章首先对河南省农户兼业整体情况进行阐述，并对不同兼业类型农户的小麦生产情况进行了对比分析； 其次，运用随机前沿分析方法（SFA），对样本农户数据小麦生产的技术效率进行分析研究，得出河南省2004～2011年间小麦生产的技术效率值较高，同时对不同兼业类型农户的技术效率均值进行对比分析，得出3种不同兼业类型农户的小麦技术效率存在一定的差异：I兼农户的技术效率高于纯农户和Ⅱ兼农户，其中Ⅱ兼农户的技术效率值最低； 最后文章讨论分析了3种不同兼业类型农户小麦技术效率存在差异的现象。

Abstract:

Farmers′ diversified economy is formed under the conditions of China′s agriculture such as the sharp contradiction between crowded people and limited land, the imperfect rural social security system, which is a universal phenomenon in China′s rural economic and social transformation period. This development phenomenon will exist in a long period and become the general trend of China′s agricultural and rural development. In recent years, the proportion of business-farmer was far more than the real farmers. This paper analyzed the development of present situation of part-time farmers in Henan province, discussed the different kinds of part-time farmers′ distribution and the production situation of wheat in different kinds of farmer, and then estimated the wheat production technical efficiency with the sample data by using stochastic frontier analysis(SFA) method during 2004-2011, the results showed that the farmers′ average technical efficiency of wheat had a high level and showed some differences of technical efficiency of different part-timefarmers. Finally, it discussedthe reasons causing the differences of wheat technical efficiency in three part-time farmers.