区域土地利用/覆被时空动态变化研究——以四川省金堂县为例

RESEARCH OF SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL DYNAMIC CHANGESIN REGIONAL LAND USE/COVER——A CASE STUDY OF JINTANG COUNTY

关键词:  土地利用/覆被变化 遥感 地形 金堂县

Key words:  Land use cover change  remote sensing  terrain  Jintang county

摘要:

土地利用/覆被变化动态监测是掌握土地资源数量、进行土地利用评价的重要依据。基于遥感和GIS技术提取金堂县2001、2007、2010和2013年4期土地利用变化信息，并应用模型对研究区土地利用时空变化进行分析。结果表明：（1）土地利用类型以耕地和林地为主，建设用地和林地的单一土地利用动态度为正，面积显著增加； 耕地、草地、水体和其他的土地利用动态度为负，面积减少； 综合土地利用动态度由6.12%增加到13.81%，土地利用变化强烈。（2）土地利用空间变化显著，土地利用空间变化主要发生在金堂县城、赵镇、三星镇和淮口镇等地； 土地利用转化明显，耕地和建设用地的变化最强烈，建设用地、耕地和林地之间的相互转化尤其显著。（3）地形因子对土地利用变化具有较大影响，土地利用变化随高程、坡度的增加而减少，且表现较强的相关性，符合二次变化曲线的特征； 阳坡较阴坡对土地利用变化的影响大。这一研究结果为区域土地利用评价提供重要依据，有利于实现土地利用的合理布局和调控管理，对区域土地资源的合理开发利用具有重要意义。

Abstract:

Dynamic monitoring of land use/cover change is an important basis to master the amount of land resource and the evaluation of land use. During the past 12 years, the study area has undergone many land use changes due to rapid urban growth, economic development, and population growth. This study aimed to detect and analyze land changes in Jintang County from 2001 to 2013 following remote sensing and GIS technology. Maximum Likelihood(MLH) supervised classification algorithm was applied to classify the study area, whereas, Post Classification Comparison(PCC) approach was adopted to analyze the land use changes. The land use/cover dynamic changes were analyzed from quantity, speed, and types of transfer based on model, and terrain factors response of land use change were analyzed by using GIS, and then the driving force was analyzed with the policy factors. The result showed that:1)during the study period, the land use types within Jintang county were mainly arable land and woodland. The single land use dynamic degree of construction land and woodland was positive with the increase of the land area, while the single land use dynamic degree of water, farmland, grassland and the other land was negative with the decrease of the land area. Integrated land use dynamic degree increased by 6.12% to 13.81% from 2001 to 2013, land use change was intensive. 2) land use spatial change significantly occurred mainly in Jintang county, Zhaozhen ,Sanxing zhen and Huaikou towns. Mutual conversion between the types of land use was obvious, and the most intense changes happened on cropland to construction land; The interaction conversion among the construction land, cultivated land and forest land was particularly obvious.3)terrain factors had big influences on the distribution of land use.Land use types declined with the increase of elevation and slope levels with a strong correlation fitting the characteristics of quadratic curve; sunny slopes had more significant influence on the land use. The research results provided an important basis for regional land use assessment, and can benefit to realize the reasonable layout of land use, and promote the regulation management and sustainable development, which had great significance for rational development and utilization of regional land resources.