| 摘要: |
| 农村税费改革以后，农业水费成为了农村唯一的政府性收费项目。如今农业水费相关问题已成为影响农村稳定、“三农问题”与农业水价综合改革等工作顺利开展的阻碍因素之一，破除这些问题将是研究和实践的重点任务。现有研究未对这些现存的关键问题进行专门分析和评论。文章首次对我国农业水费在水价、支付、补贴与实施等4个方面的现存问题进行剖析，并分别就每个问题的现有研究进行梳理和评论。研究表明这些现存问题如下： ①水价方面：水价太低且变化不大，改革陷入两难境地； ②支付方面：农民支付意愿较低，抵触、拒缴与消极情绪明显； ③补贴方面：补贴方式不能对农民行为调节和意识塑造起到积极作用； ④实施方面：水费管理执行不力、公平性不足与水利设施不完善等。该文分别就每个问题给出了后续的研究与实践方案，并认为在农村经济日渐趋好和支农惠农等政策力度不断加大的条件下，目前农业水费问题已不再只是一个资金投入、技术改造与制度改革的问题，同时也成为了一个还需侧重强调农民行为响应的综合性问题，但这在现有研究和实践中有所忽略。因此，下一步研究与实践应在资金投入、技术改造和制度设计等方面继续加大研究和实践的力度，并和每个问题提出的解决方案结合起来，以农民行为响应作为切入点，探索解决这些问题的综合性配套策略。 |
| 关键词: 中国 农业水费 现存问题 研究评论 综合性政策 |
| DOI：10.7621/cjarrp.1005-9121.20160808 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
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| AGRICULTURAL WATER FEE IN CHINA：CURRENT ISSUES AND REVIEW |
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Zhang Weikang1,2, Zhang lin3, Yang Fan4, Liu Yuying4, Fu Xinhong4
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1．Postdoctoral Station，Chongqing Rural and Commercial Bank，Chongqing， 400020;2.School of Economics and Business Administration，Chongqing University，Chongqing， 400044;3.School of Economics and Business Administration，Chongqing University，Chongqing， 400044;4.School of Management，Sichuan Agricultural University，Chengdu， 611130
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| Abstract: |
| After the reform of rural taxes and fees, agricultural water fee become the only fee charged by the local government in China. The related issue of agricultural water fee is currently becoming one of impediments to rural stability, "three rural issues", and the reform of agricultural water pricing, which are significant for future development of rural China.This paper firstly discussed four existing problems in China′s agricultural water fee, including the price, payment, subsidy and implementation, and reviewed the comments of the literatures. The results indicated that: (1) the water price was too low with little change,and the reform suffered a dilemma;(2)the willingness to pay was low; (3) the subsidy way cannot effectively regulate farmers′behaviors and cultivate awareness;(4) the water fee management was ineffective. And then, it offered the academic and practical countermeasures aiming to each issue. It suggested that under the conditions of improvement of rural economy and agricultural policies support, the agricultural water fee was no longer a problem of capital investment, technological transformation and institutional reform, but the farmers′ behaviors. Therefore, it should continuously focus on the increase of investment, technological transformation and institutional design. |
| Key words: China agricultural water fee current issues review comprehensive strategies |
