基于SWOT分析的重点生态功能区农业可持续发展路径研究——以浙江省为例

DEVELOPMENT PATHS OF SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE IN THE KEY ECOLOGICAL FUNCTION ORIENTED AREAS BASED ON SWOT ANALYSIS——TAKING ZHEJIANG PROVINCE AS AN EXAMPLE

关键词:  农业可持续发展 SWOT分析 重点生态功能区 浙江省

Key words:  sustainable development of agriculture  SWOT analysis  key ecological function oriented areas  Zhejiang province

摘要:

主体功能区制度背景下，实现农业可持续发展是重点生态功能区建设的现实命题，而目前国内学者专门针对重点生态功能区现代农业发展的研究尚不多见。农业在浙江重点生态功能区社会经济建设中发挥着重要作用，但存在着经营方式粗放、资源利用水平不高以及农业面源污染风险加剧等问题。重点生态功能区发展可持续农业，具有区位条件优越、资源优势独特、生态环境优良的优势，但也存在耕地资源匮乏、水土流失严重、基础设施薄弱、科技推广困难的劣势，同时面临政策、市场、主体等方面的机遇以及资源空间压缩、劳动力资源流失的挑战。应从可持续农业的“发展”和“限制”准则出发，发展节约型农业，提高资源利用效率； 发展生态循环农业，保护农业生态环境； 培育绿色精品农业，提升农产品附加值； 打造休闲观光农业，推动乡村经济发展； 并实施一系列保障措施，实现重点生态功能区农业可持续发展。

Abstract:

Under the background of the major function oriented zoning in China, it is a realistic question on how to realize agricultural sustainable development for the construction of the key ecological function oriented areas. Agriculture plays an important role in social and economic construction in the key ecological function oriented areas, but it still had the problems such as extensive management, inefficient utilization of resources, and an increase risk of agricultural non-point source pollution. The strengths in Zhejiang province to develop sustainable agriculture were the good location, the unique resources and the superior ecology, while the weaknesses were the lack of arable land, the serious soil erosion, the poor infrastructure and the difficult technology spreading. Facing the opportunities of policy, market and the subject, and the challenges of resource decreasing and labor transferring, the key ecological function oriented areas needed to develop conservation agriculture, ecological cycle of agriculture, green and fine agriculture, and leisure agriculture according to the "development" and "restriction" criteria of sustainable agriculture, and implemented a series of guarantee measures.