藏粮于地战略与路径选择

STRATEGIC AND PATH SELECTION OF "STORING GRAIN IN ARABILE LAND"

关键词:  藏粮于地 粮食安全 耕地保护 耕地质量 粮食生产能力

Key words:  storing grain in arable land  food safety  arable land protection  arable land quality  grain production capacity

摘要:

对长期实施的藏粮于仓、以丰补歉策略所带来的一系列问题，中央提出实施“藏粮于地”战略。何为“藏粮于地”？实施“藏粮于地”有何益？实施“藏粮于地”面临哪些挑战？如何实施“藏粮于地”？对此，文章进行了系统分析论述。我国粮食生产“十二连增”，粮食库存丰富，粮食生产稳定性增强，近年国际粮食价格低廉，这些为我国实施“藏粮于地”战略创造了条件。然而，实施“藏粮于地”并非易事，面临许多问题与挑战，包括：耕地面积有可能再次大幅减少，耕地质量堪忧； 水资源约束日益突出，粮食生产能力提升的难度越来越大； 农业抵御自然灾害的能力低，农业自然灾害突出； 规模化生产经营与社会化服务水平低，粮食生产调控能力弱； 国内粮食生产大萎缩和世界粮食价格危机有可能再现，冲击“藏粮于地”行动计划。实施“藏粮于地”，关键在“地”，核心在“藏”。数量充足和高质量的耕地是基础，同时，还必须有完好的“养地”与“用地”机制。因此，应强化“护地”、“建地”、“养地”与“用地”，即走护、建、养、用“四结合”之路。

Abstract:

In response to a series of problems for the long-term grain storage, the central government put forward the strategy of "storing grain in arable land". What is "storing grain in arable land "? What is the benefit to implement this strategy? What are the challenges? And how canimplement?In recent years, the continuous increase of China′s grain production, the grain production stability, and low international grain prices provided the good conditions for the implementation of "storing grain in land" strategy. However, it was not easy due to some problems and challenges, for example, the arable land area may be significantly reduced, the quality of arable land and water constraints become increasingly prominent, the increase of grain production capacity was more and more difficult, the ability to resist natural disasters was low, agricultural natural disasters were prominent, large-scale production and operation and social service level were low, grain production control was weak, large domestic grain production shrinkage and the world food price crisis would impact the action plan. The sufficient and high-quality arable land was the key to implement the strategy, and meanwhile the land raising and use mechanism was necessary.