南方水网地区“莲虾共作”立体种养生态农业模式——以湖北省鄂州市峒山村为例

LOTUS-CRAYFISH MULTIPLE PLANTING AND RAISING ECO-AGRICULTURAL MODE IN WATER NETWORK AREA OF THE SOUTH CHINA——A CASE STUDY OF TONGSHAN VILLAGE, E′ZHOU CITY, HUBEI PROVINCE

关键词:  “莲虾共作”模式 立体种养 配套技术 效益分析 建议

Key words:  lotus-crayfish model  multiple planting and raising  matching technology  benefit analysis  suggestions

摘要:

文章以峒山村为例，对“莲虾共作”立体种养生态农业模式的内涵、技术流程、配套技术以及经济、生态和社会效益进行了系统的研究分析。“莲虾共作”模式以4年为一个轮换周期。莲田养虾系统和人工湿地一样具有净化水质、涵养水源，保护农田生物多样性等功能，使系统内物质能量得到高效利用，减少农药和化肥施用，有效遏制农业面源污染，同时产出质优、安全的莲籽、小龙虾等农产品。“莲虾共作”模式平均纯收入可达到572万元/hm2，比“稻虾共作”模式纯收入高出1/2以上。最后提了加强“莲虾共作”模式示范推广和编制技术规程的建议。

Abstract:

Taking Tongshan Village in Hubei province as an example, this paper systematically analyzed lotus-crayfish multiple planting and raising eco-agricultural mode, especially on its connotation, technical process, matching technology, ecological, economic and social benefits. The results showed that taking four years as a production cycle, lotus-crayfish eco-agricultural mode made good use of energy and matter of the system. Lotus-crayfish system had the same functions as the constructed wet land, which played an important role in water purification, water conservation, protection of farmland biodiversity, and so on. And it can reduce pesticide and fertilizer use, and restraint the agricultural non-point source pollution. And lotus-crayfish eco-agricultural mode can supply high quality and safety agricultural food including lotus seed, crayfish. The average net income of lotus-crayfish eco-agricultural mode can reach 5.72×104yuan/hm2, which was 50% higher than rice-crayfish farming model. In the end, it proposed that it should enhance the demonstration and application of lotus-crayfish mode, and establish the technique regulation of lotus-crayfish mode.