农户认知视角下农地流转意愿影响因素研究——以湖北省京山县为例

THE INFLUENCING FACTORS OF FARMLAND TRANSFER WILLINGNESS FROM THE PERPECTIVE OF FARM HOUSEHOLD COGNITION——TAKING JINGSHAN COUNTY OF HUBEI PROVINCE AS AN EXAMPLE

关键词:  农户认知 农产品主产区 农地流转意愿 Logistic回归模型 京山县

Key words:  farm household cognition  main agricultural products area  willingness  Logistic model  Jingshan county

摘要:

研究目的：对农产品主产区湖北省京山县农户农地流转的认知状况进行分析，并对农户农地流转意愿的影响因素进行了探讨。研究方法：问卷调查法，二元Logistic回归模型。结果表明：（1）农户的认知水平直接影响其农地流转决策，农户作为理性经济人，其是否愿意流转土地，是基于自身经济利益最大化理性选择的结果；（2）影响农户农地流转意愿的因素中，愿意永久定居城镇，认为农地撂荒有限制，向往城镇工作机会多、收入高的农户，更愿意流转农地；（3）对农村未来生活预期程度高，认为集体福利及国家补贴重要的农户，农地流转意愿较弱。研究结论：（1）主动听取农户意见，尊重农户农地流转的意愿，在经济预期上对流转农户进行合理的补偿；（2）鼓励农业大户在农业生产中引进新的技术和耕种方法，并积极发展地方经济，促进农村闲置劳动力就近转移；（3）完善人力资源市场体系，构建高效、公开、便捷的就业信息平台，推进城乡户籍制度的改革，实现农民工的市民化；（4）健全农村农地法规制度体系，建立农村土地处置管理平台，对农地撂荒等不良现象从法律层面上严格限制。

Abstract:

This paper analyzed the cognitive status of farmers′ land circulation in Jingshan county, Hubei province, and discussed the influencing factors of farmers′ willingness to transfer farmland, using the methods of questionnaire survey and binary logistic regression model. The results showed ：(1) the level of farmers′ cognition directly affected decision-making on whether the peasant household was willing to transfer their farmland. The willingness of the farmers transferring the farmland depended on the choice of maximizing their own economic interests. (2) Among the influencing factors of farmers′ farmland transfer willingness, the chance to settle permanently in urban, the restricted farmland cultivation, and more job opportunities in urban was the main factor. (3)The farmers who had high desire of future rural life and thought the importance of rural collective welfare and state had negative impact on farmland transfer. It concluded that(1) farmers who transferred the farmlands should be compensated reasonably in economy, and government should respect the willingness of farmers′ farmland transfer; (2 farmers who had experiences in agricultural management should be encouraged to introduce new technology and farming methods in agricultural production, and government should actively develop local economy; (3)the market system of human resource should be perfected, and a efficient and convenient employment information platform should be built. Meanwhile, the reform of urban and rural household registration systems should be promoted to achieve the urbanization of migrant workers ;(4) laws and regulations of rural land should be perfected.