四川省农业地理集聚格局及演化机制研究

THE PATTERN AND MECHANISM OF AGRICULTURAL GEOGRAPHICAL AGGLOMERATION IN SICHUAN PROVINCE

关键词:  农作物地理集聚 格局特征 演化机制 四川省

Key words:  crop geographical agglomeration  pattern characteristic  evolution mechanism  Sichuan province

摘要:

为分析四川省农作物的地理集聚特征，专业化格局，从农业地域系统视角构建分析框架探讨其演化机制。文章以12种农作物为研究对象，基于2000~2014年的四川省21个市州农作物播种面积数据，综合运用重心模型、基尼系数、区位熵进行研究。结果表明：（1）四川省12种农作物生产重心较为稳定，未出现较大范围的地理迁移。（2）四川省大部分农作物地理集聚水平整体较低，且在研究期内集聚过程缓慢。经济作物的区域专业化水平相对于粮食作物较好。烟叶、苹果地理集聚程度较大，已经形成相对明显的区域专业化生产。（3）农业地理集聚格局演变从最初受内部压力驱动形成自然集聚格局，逐步转向为受内外压力驱动的自然社会集聚格局。四川省主要农作物地理集聚处于试错和纠错过程中，尚未形成新一轮的农业生产区域化布局和分工。

Abstract:

To analyze the geographical agglomeration and specialization of crops from the perspective of agricultural regional system, taking 12 crops of Sichuan province as research objects, this paper constructed a analysis framework and discussed the evolution mechanism using the gravity model, Gini coefficient and location entropy based on the data of crops′ planting area of each city in Sichuan province from 2000 to 2014. The results showed that, the production center of the 12 crops was relatively stable, and no phenomenon of massive geographical migration was observed. The overall geographical concentration of most crops in Sichuan province was relatively low, and the agglomeration process was slow, the regional specialization of economic crops was better than food crops. The geographical concentration of tobacco and apple was much higher, which had already formed a regional specialized production pattern. The agricultural geographical agglomeration pattern evolution had transformed from the natural agglomeration pattern driven by original internal pressure to the natural and social agglomeration pattern driven by both the internal and external pressure. The geographical agglomeration of main crops in Sichuan province was in the process of trial error and error correction, and had not formed a new round of regional production layout and division.