农业多功能评价与功能分区研究——以湖南省为例

MULTI FUNCTION EVALUATION AND FUNCTIONAL ZONING OF AGRICULTURE—— A CASE STUDY OF HUNAN PROVINCE

关键词:  农业 功能评价 功能分区 表征指标 湖南省

Key words:  agriculture  function evaluation  function zoning  characterization index  Hunan province.

摘要:

目的］伴随着生态文明、美丽乡村建设的推进，优化发展布局、提升农业产能、建立农业生产新格局的理念已成为农业及农村发展的主要内容，农业多功能性日益凸显。从目前的研究来看，农业多功能性基本概念、理论体系等基础研究已较为完善，而对于农业功能评价指标体系构建、定量化评价方法等方面的研究相对欠缺。［方法］文章依据农业功能的概念与内涵，提出生产供给、社会保障、生态服务、休闲旅游四大功能，建立农业功能的表征指标和评价体系，在基本统计量和综合指标计算的基础上，采用SPSS快速聚类、ArcGIS空间叠加方法，以湖南省为例进行实证分析。［结果］分析表明环洞庭湖区和湘中南区部分区域生产供给功能较强，以长株潭区为中心向外社会保障功能逐渐降低，环洞庭湖部分区域以及湘西山区生态服务功能较强，长株潭以及湖南省中部地区休闲旅游功能较强。［结论］该文还根据农业主导功能分区方法，划分了4个农业主导功能区和12个二级功能区，为进一步优化农业区位布局、构建美丽乡村提供参考。

Abstract:

Along with the advance of the construction of ecological civilization and beautiful countryside, the concept that optimizing the layout of regional development, enhancing agricultural productivity and establishing a new pattern of agricultural production has become the main content of the development of agriculture and rural areas, and at the same time, multi function of agricultural has become increasingly prominent. Reviewing the current study, the researches on the basic concepts and theoretical system of agriculture had been perfected, but the research on the construction of agricultural multi functional evaluation index and quantitative evaluation method is relatively lack. Based on the concept and connotation of agricultural function, this paper put forward 4 functions of production supply, social security, ecological service and leisure tourism, and set up the index and evaluation system of agricultural function. Based on the calculation of basic statistics and composite index, taking Hunan Province as an example, the empirical analysis was carried out by using the method of k-Means Clustering and ArcGIS spatial overlay technology. The results showed that the agricultural production supply functional areas were mainly in around Dongting Lake region and central south region of Hunan province. Taking the Chang-Zhu-Tan area as the center, the social security function gradually reduced. The ecological service function was stronger in the regional distribution around the Dongting Lake and the western region of Hunan province. The function of leisure tourism in Chang-Zhu-Tan region and the central area of Hunan province was more powerful. Based on the evaluation method of agricultural leading function, the paper divided Hunan province into 4 leading function areas and 3 secondary zones. This research can provide a reference for further optimizing the location layout of agriculture and building beautiful rural areas.