基于模拟旅行费用法的城郊农田休闲娱乐生态服务价值评估——以平顶山地区为例

OF SUBURBAN FARMLAND ECOSYSTEM BASED ON THE SIMULATIVE TRAVEL COST METHOD——A CASE STUDY OF PINGDINGSHAN CITY

关键词:  土地利用 休闲农业 生态价值

Key words:  land utilization  leisure agriculture  ecological value

摘要:

［目的］合理确定农田生态系统的休闲娱乐生态服务价值对促进土地资源优化利用和耕地保护等都具有十分重要的意义。［方法］文章以平顶山地区城郊的草莓种植地为研究对象，采用模拟旅行费用法探讨了平顶山市城郊农田休闲娱乐生态服务价值的构成和特点。［结果］随着休闲农业的快速发展，城郊农田通常情况下处于潜在隐性状态的休闲娱乐生态服务价值正通过农业观光、采摘等活动得到释放和显现。平顶山市郊区采摘草莓园的休闲娱乐生态服务价值由草莓园经营者相较传统草莓种植模式获得的“超额收益”和采摘者付出的劳动价值以及采摘者付出的交通、时间机会成本等费用共同构成。2013~2014年平顶山市郊区采摘草莓园的休闲娱乐生态服务价值大致介于26.156 25万～61.031 25万元/hm2之间，远高于平顶山市一般农田的直接生产收益，其平均值43.593 75万元/hm2可作为当前平顶山市城郊农田生态系统休闲娱乐生态服务价值的参考基准。［结论］随着休闲农业的社会需求不断增强，在城市郊区土地利用规划中，不能忽视农田生态系统休闲娱乐生态服务价值潜力的充分挖掘、实现和保护。

Abstract:

Reasonably evaluating the leisure and recreation service value of farmland ecosystem has great significance for the optimal utilization of land resources and cultivated land protection. Using simulative travel cost method, this research analyzed the leisure and recreation services value of the strawberry fields in suburb of Pingdingshan city, and explored the composition and features of the lei sure and recreation services value of suburban farmland ecosystem. The results indicated that the leisure and recreation services value of farmland ecosystem was usually recessive, but it can be released through the activities of agriculture sightseeing and picking with the rapid development of leisure agriculture. The leisure and recreation services value come from two sources, i.e., the excess earnings gained by the proprietor of strawberry fields and the labor value of tourists, and the transport cost and the opportunity cost expended by tourists who went to strawberry fields. The leisure and recreation services value of the strawberry fields in suburb of Pingdingshan city was approximately from 261562.5 to 610312.5Yuan per hectare in 2013-2014, which was much higher than the direct production revenues of general farmlands. In the future, the social needs for leisure agriculture would be further enhanced. It put forward that it could not be neglected in fully extracting, realizing and protecting the leisure and recreation services value of suburban farmland ecosystem.