河南省农业区域经济差异的成因研究

THE CAUSES OF REGIONAL ECONOMIC DIFFERENCES IN HENAN PROVINCE

关键词:  河南省 农业经济 区域差异 聚类分析 多元回归 最小二乘法

Key words:  Henan province  agricultural economy  regional difference  cluster analysis  least square method

摘要:

［目的］农业作为第一产业是第二、三产业的基础，其发展程度直接关乎国计民生和社会的稳定。然而由于自然条件和各区域的特点导致不同区域的农业经济存在较大的差异性。［方法］在此研究背景下，文章以河南省108县市为例，通过聚类分析方法选取农林牧渔业总产值、农林牧副渔服务业产值、农产品附加值、耕地面积、农业机械使用率、农用肥料使用折纯量、农药使用量等7个指标将河南省108县市农业经济进行区域划分为3类，并分别对3类地区的地理位置特征和农业经济发展特征进行分析，进而选取4个主要变量对该省农业经济区域差异的原因进行分析。［结果］研究表明，自然资源、区位条件、经济发达程度、政府政策等4个因素对该省3个农业区域经济均产生正向影响且对于农业经济不发达地区的影响系数高于发达地区，说明农业经济发展程度对自然资源、区位条件和政府政策依赖程度较高，地区总体经济实力的强弱也对农业经济发展程度有重要影响。［结论］未来应以可变因素即经济发展和政府政策制定为研究对象，以期更好地促进农业经济区域间平衡发展。

Abstract:

Agriculture as the primary industry is the basis of the secondary and tertiary industries, its development is directly related to the people′s livelihood and social stability, but the regional agricultural economy showed a big difference due to the natural conditions and different regional characteristics. This paper quantitatively analyzed the problems and causes of agricultural regional economic disparities. Taking 108 counties and cities in Henan province as an example, it first introduced the general situation of agricultural regional economic differences in the province, then selected seven indicators, i.e., the total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery service industry, the added value of agricultural products, the farmland area, the utilization rate of agricultural machinery, the use of agricultural fertilizers, and the amount of pesticide use, for the agricultural regional division. The province was divided into three categories. The results showed that these four factors including natural conditions, regional location conditions, economic development degree, and government policy mainly influenced the regional economic development. The regional economic development mainly relied on the natural resources, location conditions, and policy conditions. It put forward that it should enhance the research on the economy development and policy making to achieve the overall improvement of Henan agricultural economy.