青龙满族自治县景观生态安全格局研究

RESEARCH ON LANDSCAPE ECOLOGICAL SECURITY PATTERN IN QINGLONG MANCHU AUTONOMOUS COUNTY

关键词:  环境科学 生态功能 区生态规划 景观生态安全格局 青龙满族自治县

Key words:  environmental science  ecological-function areas  ecological planning  landscape ecological security pattern  Qinglong Manchu Autonomous county

摘要:

［目的］引用俞孔坚的景观安全格局理论，借助ArcGIS10、Conefor Sensinode2.2和InVEST2.2.0制图软件构建青龙满族自治县景观生态安全格局，针对景观生态安全格局各组分的分布特点，提出相应的生态规划对策，以期为青龙满族自治县维护生态系统稳定、合理进行生态规划提供借鉴。［方法］首先，综合考虑斑块自身特征属性和外界环境因素，通过景观斑块质量评价来识别源地； 其次，根据最小累积阻力模型构建最小累积阻力面并划分为3个最小累积阻力等级，分别对应生态保育区、生态防护区和生态培育区3个生态功能区； 最后，确定生态廊道和战略点。［结果］源地占研究区总面积的359%，源地内耕地、园地、林地、草地、水体所占比例分别为0.14%、0.25%、66.86%、17.21%、15.54%； 生态保育区占研究区总面积的34.98%，生态保育区内耕地、园地、林地、草地、水体、其他用地所占比例分别为6.73%、8.69%、49.32%、29.57%、3.40%、2.29%； 生态防护区占研究区总面积的36.40%，生态防护区内耕地、园地、林地、草地、水体、其他用地所占比例分别为10.31%、18.57%、37.68%、26.67%、1.87%、4.91%； 生态培育区占研究区总面积的2862%，生态培育区内耕地、园地、林地、草地、水体、其他用地所占比例分别为11.31%、15.57%、39.80%、26.70%、2.28%、4.34%； 沿景观低阻力区分布有7条生态廊道； 有8个战略点。［结论］文章所构建景观生态安全格局基本符合青龙满族自治县实际情况，各景观生态安全格局组分有不同的特点，对应有相应的生态规划对策。

Abstract:

Based on the theory of landscape ecological security pattern, this paper constructed landscape ecological security pattern of Qinglong Manchu Autonomous county with the aid of graphics software, such as ArcGIS10、Conefor Sensinode2.2 and InVEST 2.2.0, so as to provide references for maintaining the stability of ecosystem and making rational ecological planning. Taking into account characteristic attributes of landscape patch and external environmental factors, this paper recognized source area of landscape ecological security pattern by assessing of landscape patches, constructed minimum cumulative resistance surface according to the minimum cumulative resistance model, and then divided the minimum cumulative resistance surface into 3 levels, i.e., ecological conservation area, ecological shelter area, and ecological cultivation area. Finally, it determined the ecological corridors and strategic points. The results shows that: the proportion of source area accounting for the study area was 3.59%, of which the cultivated land, garden-plot, woodland, grassplot and water were 0.14%, 0.25%, 66.86%, 17.21%, 15.54%, respectively. The proportion of ecological conservation area accounting for the study area was 34.98%, of which the cultivated land, garden-plot, woodland, grassland, water and other lands were 6.73%, 8.69%, 49.32%, 29.57%, 3.40%, 2.29%, respectively. The proportion of ecological shelter area accounting for the study area was 36.40%, of which the cultivated land, garden-plot, woodland, grassland, water and other lands were 10.31%, 18.57%, 37.68%, 26.67%, 1.87%, 4.91%, respectively. The proportion of ecological cultivation area accounting for the study area was 28.62%, of which the cultivated land, garden-plot, woodland, grassplot, water and other lands were 11.31%, 15.57%, 39.80%, 26.70%, 2.28%, 4.34%, respectively. There were 7 ecological corridors along the low resistance area and 8 strategic points. Therefore, according to the distribution of each component of landscape ecological security pattern, this paper put forward some measures for ecological planning. The landscape ecological security pattern constructed in this paper was in line with the actual situation in Qinglong Manchu Autonomous county, and the landscape ecological security pattern haddifferent characteristics and corresponding ecological planning countermeasures.