我国西北平原区农村生活能源消费和供需结构分析

ANALYSIS OF THE RURAL HOUSEHOLD ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND SUPPLY-DEMAND STRUCTURE IN PLAIN AREAS OF NORTHWEST CHINA

关键词:  西北平原区 农村生活能源 需求供给结构

Key words:  plain areas of Northwest China  rural household energy  demand  supply  structure

摘要:

［目的］明确我国西北平原区农村生活能源需求总量、消费结构和供给模式，为该区域乃至全国的农村能源消费供给结构和模式调整提供理论依据。［方法］运用描述统计法，以1991～2014年《全国农村可再生能源统计汇总表》中的数据为基准，分析比较了我国西北平原区7个省（自治区）农村地区共24年商品能源（煤炭、电力、石油、液化石油气、天然气、煤气）、非商品能源（秸秆、薪柴、沼气、太阳能）消费和能源（煤炭、焦炭、成品油、电力、薪柴）生产间的相互关系和变化趋势。［结果］西北平原区商品能源在能源消费中的比例在65%左右，并保持稳定增长； 西北平原区以煤炭为主的能源消费格局稳定，沼气和太阳能等清洁能源消费量逐年提高； 因经济发展速度、产业结构等因素的差异，导致我国西北平原区不同地区农村能源消费结构表现出明显的不同； 我国西北平原区的主要能源生产与消费差额呈负值，近4年差额稳定在年平均负1 294.40万t标准煤。［结论］该区域能源供需不平衡问题一直存在，建议未来结合新型城镇化建设的要求，因地制宜促进能源结构调整，保障资源的可持续利用和发展。

Abstract:

By analyzing the total demand, consumption structure and supply pattern of rural living energy can put forward the theoretical basis for the supply and structure of rural energy consumption in the plain area of Northwest China and the whole country. Based on the data of "National Rural Renewable Energy Statistics" from 1991 to 2014, the relationship and trend of commercial energy (coal, electric power, oil, liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas, coal gas) and non-commercial energy (straw, firewood, biogas, solar energy) consumption, energy production (coal, coke, petroleum products, electric power, fuelwood) were analyzed and compared by using descriptive statistical method in 7 provinces of the plain area of Northwest China. The results demonstrated that the commodity energy proportion of energy consumption growth steady in plain area of Northwest China remained at around 65%; the coal energy consumption was given priority stability in northwest, clean energy such as biogas and solar increased year by year; rural energy consumption structure in Northwest China also showed obvious different owing to the speed of economic growth, industrial structure etc. Moreover, the balance between energy production and consumption in Northwest China was negative, with an annual mean 12.944 million tec. Finally, it recommended that it should combine with the requirements for the new construction of urbanization to adjust measures, promote the adjustment of regional energy structure, and ensure the sustainable utilization and development of resources.