我国表土剥离技术启蒙与发展研究综述

REVIEW OF THE ENLIGHTENMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OF TOPSOIL STRIPPING TECHNOLOGY IN CHINA

关键词:  表土剥离 土壤改良 时空配置 土地整治 区域调配

Key words:  topsoil stripping  soil improvement  spatial-temporal allocation  land consolidation  regional allocation

摘要:

［目的］综述表土剥离技术在我国的启蒙及发展历程，明晰表土剥离技术内涵的发展与演变，探讨表土剥离技术未来可能的研究方向，以期丰富表土剥离技术视野，促进表土剥离技术应用的发展与完善。［方法］文章采用了文献法、归纳法及比较法。从表土剥离技术、利用方向及时空配置3个方向，表土剥离内涵、技术体系、成本收益、土地整治、土壤改良、区域调配6个方面进行表土剥离相关问题的综述与探讨。［结果］（1）表土剥离的内涵在发生着深刻转变； （2）表土剥离应用的技术规范不断完善； （3）针对表土剥离成本收益的探讨较片面； （4）在土壤改良中缺乏耕层厚度与作物产量的定量分析； （5）表土剥离区域调配理论还需完善。［结论］以后可能的研究重点：（1）省级区域间宏观上的剥离表土调配利用研究； （2）表土剥离适宜运输距离研究； （3）耕层增厚与耕地产能关系研究；（4）土壤改良项目成果后评价研究； （5）表土剥离项目成本收益及生态社会价值研究。

Abstract:

This paper reviewed the enlightenment and development of topsoil stripping technology in China, cleared the development and evolution of its connotation, and discussed the possible directions for future research to promote its progress and improvement. Methods of literature review, induction and comparison were adopted from three directions, i.e., technology, utilizing direction, and space-time allocation, and six aspects, i.e., the connotation, technical system, cost income, land remediation, soil improvement, and regional allocation. The results showed that (1) topsoil stripping connotation changed profoundly; (2) technical specification for topsoil stripping applications continued to be improved; (3) the discussion on topsoil stripping cost income was one-sided; (4) the quantitative analysis of topsoil thickness and crop yield in soil improvement was lacked; (5) stripping regional deployment theory still needed to be improved. The future research directions included (1)macroscopic allocation and utilization of topsoil; (2) the appropriate transportation range of topsoil stripping; (3)the relationship between the topsoil thickness and cultivated land productivity; (4) post-evaluation of soil improvement project; (5) cost benefits and social and ecological value of topsoil stripping project.