中国北方大规模生猪养殖技术效率研究

STUDY ON TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY OF LARGE-SCALE PIG BREEDING IN NORTH CHINA

关键词:  生猪 大规模养殖 随机前沿分析 技术效率 产业布局调整 政策建议

Key words:  pig  large scale breeding  stochastic frontier analysis  technical efficiency  industrial layout adjustment  policy suggestion

摘要:

［目的］通过对我国北方地区大规模生猪养殖技术效率进行测度，以期发现影响其技术效率增长的主要因素，为我国现阶段生猪养殖业战略性区划调整“南猪北进”工作提供实践指导和理论支持。［方法］根据随机前沿分析方法（SFA）基本原理，运用对数型柯布—道格拉斯生产函数及我国北方大规模生猪养殖数据构建中国北方大规模生猪养殖随机前沿分析模型，对我国北方大规模生猪养殖技术效率进行测度并据此提出相关建议。［结果］北方地区大规模生猪养殖技术效率值纵向上来看整体在不断下降，而从地域上来看内蒙古自治区和东北地区技术效率值较高，北京与西北地区技术效率值较低。［结论］内蒙古自治区与东北地区适宜作为大规模生猪养殖承载地，与国家政策具有一致性；华北地区与西北地区大规模生猪养殖技术效率测度值较低，存在较大改进空间；针对该现状提出构建经济效益与环境保护并重的规模生态生猪养殖体系。

Abstract:

Through measuring the technical efficiency of the large-scale pig breeding technology in Northern China, this paper investigated the main factors affecting the technical efficiency of the large-scale pig breeding, so as to provide the practical guidance and theoretical support to the current pig breeding strategic plan——"the northward advance of the south pig". It built stochastic frontier analysis model of large-scale pig breeding in Northern China according to the basic principle of Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA), the Logarithmic Cobb-Douglas Production Function and the old data of the large-scale pig breeding, and put forward some suggestions. The results showed that the large-scale pig breeding technology efficiency decreased continuously in the longitudinal direction. There was higher technical efficiency value in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Northeast China Region, and lower technical efficiency value in Beijing and Northwest China Region. It concluded that Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and the Northeast China Region were suitable for the large-scale pig breeding and were consistent with national policy. It needed to improve the large-scale pig breeding technology efficiency in North China and Northwest China. It put forward to construct a scale ecological pig breeding system of economic benefit and environment protection.