海南岛橡胶树栽培适宜性评价初探

SUITABILITY EVALUATION OF RUBBER CULTIVATION IN HAINAN ISLAND

关键词:  橡胶 栽培 适宜性 海南岛 评价

Key words:  rubber  cultivation  suitability  Hainan Island  evaluation

摘要:

［目的］天然橡胶是国民经济建设不可缺少的重要战略物资，为提高橡胶单位产量，防止盲目扩种造成不必要的损失，开展橡胶树栽培适宜性评价具有重要意义。［方法］根据橡胶产量与气候、地形、土壤等相关因素的分析，提出了利用橡胶气候适宜性因子、地形、土壤因子作为主要的评价因子，并采用层次分析法确定各评价因子的权重值，开展海南橡胶树栽培适宜性评价。［结果］海南岛橡胶树栽培高适宜区分布在文昌的西北部、儋州、昌江、琼海、万宁、陵水等地；中适宜区主要分布在临高、澄迈、定安、文昌、屯昌等地；低适宜区主要分布在东方、乐东、五指山等地。［结论］橡胶树栽培与气候、土壤、地形等要素密切相关，基于气候—地形—土壤的橡胶树栽培适宜性评价结果能整体反映海南岛橡胶种植区域适宜程度的空间差异，对海南岛橡胶生产具有重要的参考意义，有利于提高橡胶种植的经济效益。

Abstract:

Rubber is an important strategic material for the national economy construction. In order to raise the rubber yield and prevent blind expansion to cause unnecessary losses, it is very important to carry out suitability evaluation of rubber cultivation in Hainan. According to the analysis of rubber yield and climate, topography, soil and other related factors, rubber climate suitable factor, topography and soil factors were the main evaluation factors and the weight value of each evaluation factors were determined by Analytic Hierarchy Process method. The main evaluation factors were put forward to carry out suitability evaluation of rubber cultivation. The results showed that high suitability areas of rubber tree cultivation in Hainan were located in the northwest of Danzhou, Changjiang, Wenchang, Qionghai, Wanning, Lingshui. The suitable areas were located in Lingao, Chengmai, Ding'an, Wenchang, Tunchang. Low suitable areas were located in Dongfang, Ledong, Wuzhishan. The cultivation of rubber trees were closely related to climate, soil, topography. The results of rubber suitability evaluation based on climate-topographical-soil method can reflect the spatial difference of the suitable degree of rubber plantation, which can not only give an important reference for the rubber production, but also be beneficial to improve the economic efficiency of rubber planting in Hainan Island.