山东省农用地数量变化及生态安全评价

CHANGES OF AGRICULTURAL LAND QUANTITY AND ECOLOGICAL SECURITY ASSESSMENT IN SHANDONG PROVINCE

关键词:  农用地 数量变化 生态安全 评价 山东省

Key words:  agricultural land  quantity change  ecological safety  evaluation  Shandong province

摘要:

［目的］文章针对山东省的农用地数量进行统计并通过生态安全指数来评价农用地的生态安全性，以期为山东省的农用地保护和利用提供借鉴。［方法］采用统计分析法研究2007~2016年山东省农用地数量变化。采用层次分析法（AHP）构建由17项指标构成的农用地生态安全评价体系，并采用土地生态安全模型计算单项和综合安全指数来评价农用地的生态安全性。［结果］2007~2016年，10年间山东省农用地的面积未出现较大变动，一直保持在1150万hm2以上。经计算，山东省2010年和2015年的农用地生态安全值分别为0.5972和0.6366，按照山东省农用地生态安全综合评价标准可以看出，2010年和2015年的农用地生态安全等级均为“敏感级”，但2015年比2010年的安全值略有提升。［结论］山东省农用地数量在2007~2016年的10年间未出现较大变动，一直保持在1000万hm2以上。2010年和2015年山东省农用地生态安全状态处于敏感级。虽然5年间生态安全值略有上升，但仍有很多生态安全问题需要注意，尤其是农药化肥的施用量，需要及时进行调整和治理，以避免发生更加严重的农用地生态安全问题，切实保障全省农用地生态安全和粮食安全。

Abstract:

The purpose of this paper is to make statistics for the quantity of agricultural land in Shandong and evaluate the ecological security of agricultural land through the index of ecological security so as to provide reference for the protection and utilization of agricultural land in Shandong. The statistical analysis was used to study the changes of agricultural land in Shandong from 2007 to 2016. Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is applied to construct the evaluation system of agricultural land ecological security composed of 17 indicators, and the ecological safety model of land is used to calculate the individual and comprehensive safety index to evaluate the ecological security of agricultural land. According to the statistics of the amount of agricultural land in Shandong from 2007 to 2016, the area of agricultural land showed no significant change in 10 years and remained above 11.5 million hm2. According to the calculation, the ecological security value of agricultural land in Shandong in 2010 and 2015 are 0.5972 and 0.6366, respectively. According to the comprehensive evaluation standard of ecological security of agricultural land in Shandong, it can be seen that the ecological security level of agricultural land in 2010 and 2015 are both "sensitive level", but the safety value of 2015 is slightly higher than that of 2010. There was no significant change in the quantity of agricultural land in Shandong during the 10 years from 2007 to 2016, and it remained above 10 million hectares. In 2010 and 2015, the ecological security of agricultural land in Shandong was at a sensitive level. Although the ecological safety value has risen slightly in 5 years, there are still many ecological safety issues to be noticed. In particular, the application amount of pesticide and chemical fertilizers needs to be adjusted and controlled in time to avoid the more serious ecological safety problems of agricultural land, Provincial agricultural land ecological security and food security.