| 摘要: |
| ［目的］在统计描述华北平原农民的机械采纳率和机械采纳方式的基础上，分析农民的机械化需求和农机手的机械服务供给行为及其内在逻辑，从理论和实证两个维度对华北平原地区农业机械技术的特殊实现形式——服务外包做出解释。［方法］运用描述性统计分析和成本收益核算等方法，利用冀豫鲁3省779个农户和45个农机手的实地调研数据分别对农业机械化发展的前提条件和实现方式做出解释。［结果］农业劳动力成本上升与农机购置成本下降，共同刺激了农民的机械技术需求，是华北平原农业机械化快速发展的前提条件； 持有农业机械的农民基于理性选择而向其他农民提供农机作业服务，是推动华北平原农业机械化以服务形式实现的主要原因。［结论］相关部门应继续探索高效的农机补贴模式，刺激农民的机械技术需求；农业机械支持政策可适当向农机合作社倾斜，提高农机手的组织化程度和服务数量与质量。 |
| 关键词: 农业机械 服务 机械化需求 外包 购机补贴 |
| DOI：10.7621/cjarrp.1005-9121.20180234 |
| 分类号:F323.3 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金青年项目“农村金融市场发育对种粮大户形成的影响机理研究”（71703042）；国家社会科学基金“资产专用性、声誉效应与农村互联性贷款自我履约的机理研究”（16AJY015） |
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| A STUDY ON AGRICULTURAL MECHANIZATION DEVELOPMENT AND THE CAUSES OF ITS SERVICES OUTSOURCING——A PROOF OF SURVEY DATA FROM HEBEI, HENAN AND SHANDONG PROVINCES |
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Cai Jian1, Liu Wenyong2
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1.College of Economics and Management, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China;2.Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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| Abstract: |
| Based on the statistical description of mechanical adoption rate and mechanical adoption method of farmers in North China Plain, this study analyzed the mechanization demand of farmers and the mechanical service supply from farmers who owned agricultural machinery and their inherent logic. Thus, it make an explanation for the outsourcing of service, a special realization form of agricultural machinery technology in North China Plain from both theoretical and empirical aspects. By means of descriptive statistical analysis and cost-benefit accounting, this study used the field survey data of 779 farmers and 45 farm machinery in three provinces of Hebei, Henan and Shandong to explain the preconditions and implementation methods of agricultural mechanization. The results showed that: firstly, the rising labor costs and decreasing mechanical cost stimulated the farmers' demand of mechanical technology. Secondly, the farmers who hold agricultural machinery offered agricultural machinery operation services to other farmers based on rational choice. Finally, it put forward some suggestions, such as exploring efficient farm machinery subsidy mode, so as to stimulate farmers' demand of machinery, supporting more agricultural mechanical cooperatives, and raising the organizational degree mechanical service providers. |
| Key words: agricultural machinery service mechanization demand outsourcing agricultural machinery subsidy |
