产业精准扶贫评价指标体系构建及研究——基于14个贫困县的调查

RESEARCH AND CONSTRUCTION OF EVALUATION SYSTEM OF INDUSTRIAL TARGETED POVERTY ALLEVIATION——BASED ON THE INVESTIGATION OF 14 IMPOVERISHED COUNTIES

关键词:  产业扶贫 精准扶贫 评价体系 扶贫指标 熵权法

Key words:  industrial poverty alleviation  targeted poverty alleviation  evaluation system  poverty alleviation indicators  entropy weight method

摘要:

［目的］准确把脉产业精准扶贫工作。［方法］通过构建产业精准扶贫评价体系，采用多指标综合评价法，从产业精准扶贫关键环节选取关键指标； 确定指标及其权重，建立评价模型； 按照模型计算得到产业精准扶贫综合评价分值。［结果］（1）从综合得分看，重庆市丰都县综合得分显著高于其他调查县；（2）从产业选择精准看，农业增加值指标位列前茅的县中有些综合得分却不高，存在“扶农不扶贫”“产业不带贫”现象；（3）从经营方式精准看，新型经营主体带贫指标位列前茅的县综合得分也位列前茅，是产业精准扶贫的关键节点；（4）从支持方式精准看，产业扶贫资金投入指标权重对产业精准扶贫影响最大，变“输血”为“造血”的支持方式成效日显；（5）从贫困人口受益精致看，家庭经营性收入增长情况直接反映产业扶贫效果，但在自然风险和市场风险双重影响下存在不稳定性，应综合其他指标进行评价。［结论］为产业精准扶贫评价工作提供了方法参考和政策建议。

Abstract:

For the accurate diagnosis of industrial targeted poverty alleviation, the paper constructed an evaluation system of industrial targeted poverty alleviation using the multi index comprehensive evaluation method, chose key indicators from different aspects of industrial targeted poverty alleviation to identify weights of key indicators, established the evaluation model to calculate the comprehensive evaluation score. The results showed that: (1) From the comprehensive evaluation score, Fengdu county in Chongqing was significantly higher than that of other survey counties. (2) From the perspective of industry choice, the comprehensive score in the counties which agricultural added value index in the forefront was not high, "supporting agriculture without poor" phenomenon also happened. (3) From the perspective of operation mode, the new business entities were a key joint of industrial targeted poverty alleviation. (4) From the perspective of support mode, the index weight of financial support was the most important index, and played more and more important role from "blood transfusion" to "blood hematopoiesis". (5) From the perspective of the benefit of the poor, the growth of household business income directly reflected the effect of industrial poverty alleviation, but there was an instability due to the dual influence of natural risk and market risk. Finally, it suggested that the efficiency of financial support should be further increased, and the sustainability and effectiveness of the poor farmers' benefit connection mechanism should be strengthened.