水足迹视角下三江平原地区农业水土资源配置效率研究

RESEARCH ON LAND AND WATER RESOURCES MATCHING EFFICIENCY BASED ON WATER FOOTPRINT IN SANJIANG PLAIN

关键词:  水足迹 水土资源配置 DEA 综合效率 技术效率 规模效率

Key words:  water footprint  agricultural land and water resources allocation  DEA combined efficiency  technical efficiency  scale efficiency

摘要:

［目的］三江平原地区是我国重要的商品粮基地，其农业水土资源相对丰富但水土资源配置效率不佳，亟待改善。［方法］运用投入导向型数据包络分析（DEA）方法，对水足迹视角下的三江平原地区农业水土资源配置效率进行评价。［结果］2015年，三江平原地区农业水土资源配置综合有效的地区仅占5%，总体来看，农业水土资源配置的技术效率略好于规模效率；水土资源投入冗余状况分析表明，友谊县、虎林市、宝清县、汤原县、富锦市、同江市等8个县、市辖区的农业水土资源投入合理，其他地区都存在不同程度的冗余现象；分作物来看，水稻生产的水土资源配置技术效率高于其他三大旱作。［结论］完善农业基础设施配套工程，提高水土资源配置的技术效率，是提高其规模效率，进而实现综合有效的关键。

Abstract:

Sanjiang plain is an important commodity grain base in China with abundant land and water resources. Taking Sanjiang plain as a study area and using DEA input oriented, this paper evaluated agricultural land and water resources allocation based on water footprint. The results indicated that the combined efficiency of land-water resources allocation efficient in Sanjiang plain in 2015 accounted for only 5% of the total area, the technical efficiency in most area was higher than the scale efficiency; results of redundancy analysis of land and water resources allocation showed that 8 counties (cities) including Youyi county, Baoqing county, Tangyuan county, Fujin city, etc., were reasonable in Sanjiang plain in 2015, the other areas had different degree of redundancy. The technical efficiency of rice production for land and water resources allocation was higher than that of the dry crops. How to perfect agricultural infrastructure and improve the level of agricultural production technology management was the core of promoting the technical efficiency, so as to improve the scale efficiency and achieve the comprehensive effective of land and water resources allocation.