情与理的耦合：精准识别的基层实践逻辑与案例分析——以江西省X县实践为例

COUPLING OF SENSIBILITY AND SENSE: GRASSROOTS IMPLEMENT LOGIC OF ACCURATE IDENTIFICATION OF POVERTY AND CASE STUDY——TAKING THE IMPLEMENT OF X COUNTY IN JIANGXI PROVINCE FOR EXAMPLE

关键词:  精准识别 相对贫困 政策执行偏离 情与理的耦合 差序格局

Key words:  accurate identification of poverty  relative poverty  policy implement deviation  coupling of sensibility and sense  pattern of different sequence

摘要:

［目的］随着精准扶贫工作的深入推进，其在运行过程中也衍生出了各种形态，致使精准识别机制在基层执行中的瞄准偏离，即基层干部对政策的变通执行。文章通过政策制度嵌入到农村社会的角度研究精准识别瞄准偏离的原因。［方法］基于江西省X县的实地调研，采用Logistics二元回归模型分析政策变通执行的影响因素。［结果］60岁以上老人数量、家庭人口数量、医疗费用支出、是否因病因灾致贫以及家中是否有残疾与基层干部对政策的变通执行具有相关性，且相对贫困家庭中年迈老人数量越多、医疗费用支出越高，基层干部将其识别为建档立卡贫困户的可能性越大。［结论］基层干部对政策的变通执行也反映了国家行政秩序受中国传统农村社会差序格局影响而产生的“情”与“理”的耦合现象。由此该文提出需进一步完善第三方评估指标体系和评估方式以及鼓励地方政府创新精准识别和资金使用机制，以期更好实现精准扶贫的战略目标。

Abstract:

With the further advance of poverty alleviation policies, serious forms are derived from it , which causes the phenomenon of aiming deviation in grassroots implement of accurate identification of poverty: flexible enforcement on accurate identification of poverty policy by grass-root cadres. In spite of the fact that the central government expects the local government to perform accurate poverty alleviation policy in accordance with the requirement of "sense", when the policy and system is going to be embedded in the grass-roots context to achieve the policy objectives, it is also impacted by the governing environment. Under this circumstance, it is inevitable for grassroots cadres to blend in some personal and social "sensibility" part when implementing the accurate identification mechanism, leading to the coupling of "sensibility" and "sense". Specifically, it is manifested in the flexible enforcement of policy under the influence of the social power structure of "Elders' ruling" policy, the objective incline under the social formation of "Confucian Order" , the role heterogeneity of grass-root cadres under the "Four Clans" forces and the resource integration under the social relation of "blood". On the basis of theoretical study, concrete analysis on the impact factors of policy implementation deviation is conducted with the adoption of analysis method of logistics binary logistic regression. Delve into the reasons for the aiming deviation from the perspective of integrating policies and systems into the rural society. Based on the field investigation of X county in Jiangxi province, the research found that the middle and old people number, the family member, medical expenses, whether the poverty is caused by disease or disaster and whether the poverty is caused by physical disability are related to grass-root cadres' flexible enforcement on the accurate identification of poverty policy. Moreover, the more the middle and old people number, the higher medical cost, the possibility of being identified as supported poverty family by grass-root cadres will become bigger. Through study, it can be found that grass-root cadres' flexible enforcement of accurate identification of poverty policies reflected the national administrative order influenced by traditional rural sophisticated environment in China. On this basis, it is suggested that third-party evaluation index system and evaluation mode should be further improved, while local governments should innovate accurate identification of poverty and fund utilization mechanisms, with a view to better achieve the strategic goal of accurate poverty alleviation.