农业生产性服务业对农业生产效率的影响研究——以山东省为例

EFFECTS OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVE SERVICE INDUSTRY ON AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY——A CASE STUDY IN SHANDONG PROVINCE

关键词:  农业生产性服务业 农业生产效率 三阶段DEA Tobit模型 山东省

Key words:  agricultural productive service industry  agricultural production efficiency  three-stage DEA  Tobit model  Shandong province

摘要:

［目的］随着农业现代化进程的推进，农业生产性服务业成为农业生产方式转型升级的重要组成部分。针对山东省农业生产性服务业的细分行业对于农业生产效率的不同影响，提出了相应建议，以期有效提高该省农业生产效率，实现现代农业可持续发展。［方法］文章使用三阶段DEA模型对山东省2015年农业生产效率进行测算，并进一步使用Tobit模型分析农业生产性服务业的细分行业对农业生产效率的影响。［结果］山东省2015年平均农业生产效率值、纯技术效率值和规模效率值分别为0.754、0.826和0.913，不同地区的纯技术效率及规模效率存在较大差异；从细分的农业生产性服务业来看，农业配送服务、农业信息服务、农产品销售服务和农技推广服务对农业生产效率均有显著的正向影响。［结论］山东省不同地区的农业生产效率差距较大，而不同行业的农业生产性服务业对于农业生产效率具有不同的影响。针对上述分析，该文提出以下政策建议：高效推动新型城镇化建设、适度扩大山东省农业生产规模，完善农村基础设施建设、引入先进现代农业生产技术，在农村地区普及多元化教育，引导金融保险服务业与农业协同发展，创新财政支农投资方式。

Abstract:

With the advancement of agricultural modernization, agricultural productive service industry becomes an important part of the transformation and upgrading of agricultural production mode. Based on the different effects of subdivisions of agricultural productive service industry on agricultural production efficiency in Shandong province, corresponding suggestions were put forward aiming to improve the agricultural production efficiency and achieve sustainable development of modern agriculture. The three-stage DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) model was used to calculate the agricultural production efficiency of Shandong province in 2015, and the effects on the agricultural production efficiency from subdivisions of agricultural productive services were analyzed using the Tobit model. The results showed that average values of agricultural production efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of Shandong province in 2015 were 0.754, 0.826 and 0.913 respectively. The pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency varied greatly among different regions. Among the subdivisions, agricultural distribution services, agricultural information services, agricultural products sale services and agricultural technology extension services had significantly positive correlation with the agricultural production efficiency. There were large gaps in the agricultural production efficiency in different regions of Shandong province, and different subdivisions of the agricultural productive service industry had different effects on the agricultural production efficiency. Based on the above, policy advices were put forward as follows: Firstly, construction of new urbanization should be efficiently promoted together with moderate expansion of agricultural production of Shandong Province. Secondly, construction of rural infrastructure needed to be strengthened, and advanced modern agricultural technology needed to be introduced. Thirdly, diversified education should be popularized in rural regions. Fourthly, financial and insurance services industry should be adjusted to coordinate to the development of agriculture. Last but not least, ways of government financial agriculture-supporting investments should be innovated.