陕西土地复垦与生态修复综合效益价值评估

COMPREHENSIVE BENEFIT EVALUATION OF LAND RECLAMATION AND ECOLOGICAL REHABILITATION IN SHAANXI PROVINCE

关键词:  土地复垦生态修复综合效益陕西评估

Key words:  land reclamation  ecological restoration  comprehensive benefit  Shaanxi  evaluation

摘要:

［目的］在土地资源短缺与经济发展矛盾日益加剧的形势下，详细分析陕西省经济发展和土地资源利用现状，在此基础上，从社会效益，经济效益和生态效益等3个方面构建了13个指标，评估土地复垦与生态修复的综合效益价值，这将为今后各项土地整治措施的实施提供理论参考，也有利于土地集约化的发展。［方法］运用层次分析法（AHP）和模糊评判法，定性与定量方法相结合，邀请专家成立评价小组，评估陕西省2013～2016年，土地整治前后13项指标的权重和模糊隶属度，进而分别分析各项效益价值及综合效益价值。［结果］通过土地复垦，生态效益的评分等级由3A级提升到了4A级，社会效益、经济效益和生态效益的评分为7547、7198和8155，增长率分别为1016%、162%和952%，综合效益评分从7041提高到了7541，增长率71%。［结论］今后，陕西省在土地整治方面，一方面可加大对滩涂地，盐碱地和沼泽地的开垦，生产种植经济作物或进行景观设计，发展旅游业，提高土地复垦的经济效益。另一方面，提高周围居民的参与度，不仅有利于提供土地复垦的有效措施，同时可为当地居民提供更多就业机会，提高土地复垦的社会效益。

Abstract:

Under the situation that the contradiction between the shortage of land resources and economic development is aggravating day by day, this paper analyzed the current situation of economic development and utilization of land resources in Shaanxi province, constructed 13 indicators from the aspects of social benefits, economic benefits and ecological benefits, and assessed the comprehensive benefit value of land reclamation and ecological restoration, so as to provide a theoretical reference for the implementation of various land remediation measures in the future. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), fuzzy evaluation method and qualitative and quantitative methods were combined. Experts were invited to evaluate the weight and fuzzy membership of 13 indicators before and after land remediation during 2013-2016 in Shaanxi province. Through land reclamation, the grade of ecological benefits was upgraded from Grade 3A to Grade 4A. Meanwhile the social, economic and ecological benefits graded 7547, 7198 and 8155, with the growth rates of 10.16% and 1.62% and 9.52%, the comprehensive benefit score increased from 70.41 to 75.41, with an increase rate of 7.1%. In the future, in terms of land remediation, Shaanxi province would increase the reclamation of tidal flats, saline-alkali land and marshland, produce and plant cash crops or landscape designs, develop tourism, and increase the economic benefits of reclamation. On the other hand, increasing the participation of the surrounding residents will not only help provide effective measures for land reclamation, but also provide more employment opportunities for local residents and improve the social benefits of land reclamation.